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660s

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The 660s decade ran from January 1, 660, to December 31, 669.

Events

660

By place

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Byzantine Empire
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  • Emperor Constans II is paranoid about the ambitions of his younger brother, Theodosius, and has him murdered. Having attracted the hatred of the citizens of Constantinople, Constans decides to leave the Byzantine capital and moves to Syracuse (Sicily).
Europe
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Britain
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Korea
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Japan
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  • Prince Naka no Ōe no Ōji of Japan makes a Japanese clock for the first time at Asuka, by which he causes the people to know the hours.
  • After the fall of Sabi to the forces of Silla, the Yamato government sends envoys directly to the Chinese court for the first time
  • The Baekje–Tang War begins, involving Yamato forces in support of the kingdoms of Baekje and Goguryeo
  • Japanese forces, under command of Abe no Hirafu, massacre the Mishihase people in Hokkaido
  • The capital of Japan moves from Asuka, Yamato (Okamoto Palace or Nochi no Asuka-Okamoto-no-miya) to Asakura, Fukuoka[5][6]

661

By place

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Europe
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Britain
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Arabian Empire (Islamic Caliphate)
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Muawiya I became caliph in mid 661, after the Abdication of caliph al-Hasan. Muawiya established the Umayyad dynasty (Muawiya with Councillors, from the manuscript of Hafiz-i Abru’s Majma’ al-tawarikh)
Japan
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  • Approximate date – The imperial fleet of Japan invades Kyūshū by the order of Empress Saimei. On its way, princess Nukata composes a famous poem at Nikitatsu in Iyo Province.
  • c. May – Empress Saimei builds the palace of Asakura in Kyūshū, from trees cut down from the shrines. Two months later she dies. People say it is because the gods are angry with her for destroying the shrines.
  • July 24Emperor Tenji ascends to the throne of Japan after his mother Empress Saimei’s death. He sends an expeditionary force under Abe no Hirafu to Korea, to help the allied kingdom of Baekje.
Korea
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  • King Munmu becomes the 30th ruler of the Korean kingdom of Silla.[8]

By topic

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Religion
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  • Maximus the Confessor, Christian monk, is recalled from exile in Thrace. He is tried, and sentenced to mutilation. His tongue and his right hand are cut off to prevent his further opposition to the Monothelites.
  • Approximate date – In Gaul all Roman bishops are replaced with Frankish bishops. They become increasingly common, as Frankish leaders control the episcopate.

662

By place

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Europe
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Britain
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Arab Empire
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By topic

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Religion
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663

By place

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Byzantine Empire
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Britain
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Asia
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By topic

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Religion
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664

By place

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North America & Europe
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Great Britain & Ireland
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Arabian Empire
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By topic

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Religion
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665

By place

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Europe
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Britain
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Arabian Empire
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Asia
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By topic

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Religion
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Science
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666

By place

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Byzantine Empire
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Europe
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Asia
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Religion
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667

By place

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Byzantine Empire
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Europe
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Arabian Empire
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By topic

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Religion
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668

By place

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Byzantine Empire
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Europe
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Arabian Empire
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Asia
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By topic

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Religion
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669

By place

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Byzantine Empire
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Britain
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Asia
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Significant people

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Ahsusjuseshsshs

Births

660

661

662

663

664

665

666

667

668

669

Deaths

660

Saint Eligius

661

662

663

664

665

666

667

668

669

References

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  1. ^ Lewis 1976, p. 388 n. 31.
  2. ^ Nicolle 2008, p. 16.
  3. ^ James 1977, p. 14.
  4. ^ Bede Book III, Chapter VII.
  5. ^ Asuka Historical Museum, Palaces of the Asuka Period," 1995; retrieved 2011-11-25.
  6. ^ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1915). The Imperial Family of Japan, p. 24.
  7. ^ a b Roberts 1994.
  8. ^ "List of Rulers of Korea". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
  9. ^ Patrick J. Geary, "Before France & Germany, the Creation & Transformation of the Merovingian World". (New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988), p. 180
  10. ^ Cain, Fraser (2009-06-02). "Mount Fuji". Universe Today. Retrieved 2019-12-18.
  11. ^ Fryde et al. 1996, p. 223.
  12. ^ NASA, 2015, Total Solar Eclipse of 664 May 01 (access: 10 November 2016).
  13. ^ a b c Josiah Cox Russell, 1976, "The earlier medieval plague in the British Isles", Viator vol. 7, pp. 65–78.
  14. ^ Yorke 2002, p. 63.
  15. ^ Mayr-Harting 1991, pp. 129–147.
  16. ^ Mayr-Harting 1991, p. 117.
  17. ^ Glick, Thomas F.; Livesey, Steven; Wallis, Faith, eds. (2014). Medieval Science, Technology, and Medicine: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. p. 464. ISBN 978-1-135-45939-0.
  18. ^ John "Reassessing Anglo-Saxon England" pp. 34-35
  19. ^ Kirby "Earliest English Kings" p. 83
  20. ^ Yorke "Adaptation of the Anglo-Saxon Royal Courts" Cross Goes North pp. 250-251
  21. ^ Treadgold 1997, pp. 318–324.
  22. ^ Hindley 2006, p. 47.
  23. ^ Bury 1889, p. 306.
  24. ^ Bury 1889, p. 307.
  25. ^ Kashiwahara Y., Sonoda K. "Shapers of Japanese Buddhism", Kosei (1994)
  26. ^ Walsh 2007, p. 127.
  27. ^ a b Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.
  28. ^ Kriti M. Shah, "The Pashtuns, the Taliban, and America’s Longest War", Asian Survey, Vol. 57, Number 6 (2017) pp. 981–1007
  29. ^ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard (1962). "Sovereign and Subject", pp. 216–220

Sources

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