1904 United States House of Representatives elections
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All 386 seats in the United States House of Representatives 194 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Results Democratic gain Republican gain Democratic hold Republican hold | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1904 United States House of Representatives elections were held for the most part on November 8, 1904, with Oregon, Maine, and Vermont holding theirs early in either June or September. They coincided with the election to a full term of President Theodore Roosevelt. Elections were held for 386 seats of the United States House of Representatives, representing 45 states, to serve in the 59th United States Congress.
Roosevelt's popularity swept many Republican house candidates into office, cementing their majority over the opposition Democratic Party. Because Roosevelt came from a liberal wing of the Republican Party, his ideology was prevalent among freshman representatives. Progressive Republicanism mobilized a new base of support and proved to be especially popular among the Protestant middle-class workers who held jobs in business or in the front offices of industrial facilities.
Election summaries
[edit]135 | 251 |
Democratic | Republican |
State | Type | Total seats |
Republican | Democratic | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||
Alabama | District | 9 | 0 | ![]() |
9 | ![]() |
Arkansas | District | 7 | 0 | ![]() |
7 | ![]() |
California | District | 8 | 8 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Colorado | District +at-large |
3 | 3 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Connecticut | District +at-large |
5 | 5 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Delaware | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Florida | District | 3 | 0 | ![]() |
3 | ![]() |
Georgia | District | 11 | 0 | ![]() |
11 | ![]() |
Idaho | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Illinois | District | 25 | 24 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Indiana | District | 13 | 11 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
Iowa | District | 11 | 11 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Kansas | District +at-large |
8 | 8 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Kentucky | District | 11 | 2 | ![]() |
9 | ![]() |
Kentucky | District | 7 | 0 | ![]() |
7 | ![]() |
Maine[b] | District | 4 | 4 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Maryland | District | 6 | 3 | ![]() |
3 | ![]() |
Massachusetts | District | 14 | 11 | ![]() |
3 | ![]() |
Michigan | District | 12 | 12 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Minnesota | District | 9 | 9 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Mississippi | District | 8 | 0 | ![]() |
8 | ![]() |
Missouri | District | 16 | 10 | ![]() |
6 | ![]() |
Montana | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Nebraska | District | 6 | 6 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Nevada | At-large | 1 | 0 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
New Hampshire | District | 2 | 2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
New Jersey | District | 10 | 9 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
New York | District | 37 | 26 | ![]() |
11 | ![]() |
North Carolina | District | 10 | 1 | ![]() |
9 | ![]() |
North Dakota | District | 2 | 2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Ohio | District | 21 | 20 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Oregon[b] | District | 2 | 2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Pennsylvania | District | 32 | 31 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Rhode Island | District | 2 | 1 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
South Carolina | District | 7 | 0 | ![]() |
7 | ![]() |
South Dakota | At-large | 2 | 2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Tennessee | District | 10 | 2 | ![]() |
8 | ![]() |
Texas | District | 16 | 0 | ![]() |
16 | ![]() |
Utah | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Vermont[b] | District | 2 | 2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Virginia | District | 10 | 1 | ![]() |
9 | ![]() |
Washington | At-large | 3 | 3 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
West Virginia | District | 5 | 5 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Wisconsin | District | 11 | 10 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Wyoming | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Total | 386 | 251 65.0% |
![]() |
135 35.0% |
![]() |
The previous election of 1902 saw 3 Independent Republicans elected in the Pittsburgh area of Pennsylvania.
Early election dates
[edit]In 1904, three states, with 8 seats among them, held elections early:
Special elections
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Carolina 2 | George W. Croft | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent died March 10, 1904. New member elected May 17, 1904. Winner was not a candidate to the next term; see below. |
|
California 3 | Victor H. Metcalf | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent resigned July 1, 1904 to become U.S. Secretary of Commerce and Labor. New member elected November 8, 1904. Republican hold. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below. |
|
Ohio 19 |
Alabama
[edit]Arkansas
[edit]California
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
California 1 | James Gillett | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
California 2 | Theodore A. Bell | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
California 3 | Victor H. Metcalf | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent resigned July 1, 1904 to become U.S. Secretary of Commerce and Labor. Republican hold. Winner was also elected to finish the current term; see above. |
|
California 4 | Edward J. Livernash | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
California 5 | William J. Wynn | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
California 6 | James C. Needham | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
California 7 | James McLachlan | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
California 8 | Milton J. Daniels | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
|
Colorado
[edit]Connecticut
[edit]Delaware
[edit]Florida
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Florida 1 | Stephen M. Sparkman | Democratic | 1894 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Florida 2 | Robert Wyche Davis | Democratic | 1896 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
Florida 3 | William B. Lamar | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Georgia
[edit]Idaho
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[4] | |
Idaho at-large | Burton L. French | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Illinois
[edit]Indiana
[edit]Iowa
[edit]Kansas
[edit]Kentucky
[edit]Louisiana
[edit]Maine
[edit]Maryland
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maryland 1 | William H. Jackson | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. |
|
Maryland 2 | J. Frederick C. Talbott | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maryland 3 | Frank C. Wachter | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maryland 4 | James W. Denny | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
Maryland 5 | Sydney E. Mudd I | Republican | 1896 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maryland 6 | George A. Pearre | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Massachusetts 1 | George P. Lawrence | Republican | 1897 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 2 | Frederick H. Gillett | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 3 | John R. Thayer | Democratic | 1898 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. |
|
Massachusetts 4 | Charles Q. Tirrell | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 5 | Butler Ames | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 6 | Augustus P. Gardner | Republican | 1902 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 7 | Ernest W. Roberts | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 8 | Samuel W. McCall | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 9 | John A. Keliher | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 10 | William S. McNary | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 11 | John Andrew Sullivan | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 12 | Samuel L. Powers | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
|
Massachusetts 13 | William S. Greene | Republican | 1898 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 14 | William C. Lovering | Republican | 1896 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Michigan
[edit]Minnesota
[edit]Mississippi
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Mississippi 1 | Ezekiel S. Candler Jr. | Democratic | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 2 | Thomas Spight | Democratic | 1898 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 3 | Benjamin G. Humphreys II | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 4 | Wilson S. Hill | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 5 | Adam M. Byrd | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 6 | Eaton J. Bowers | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 7 | Frank A. McLain | Democratic | 1898 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 8 | John S. Williams | Democratic | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Missouri
[edit]Montana
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Montana at-large | Joseph M. Dixon | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Nebraska
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Nebraska 1 | Elmer Burkett | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. Resigned before start of term to become Senator. |
|
Nebraska 2 | Gilbert Hitchcock | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. |
|
Nebraska 3 | John McCarthy | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Nebraska 4 | Edmund H. Hinshaw | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Nebraska 5 | George W. Norris | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Nebraska 6 | Moses Kinkaid | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Nevada
[edit]New Hampshire
[edit]New Jersey
[edit]New York
[edit]North Carolina
[edit]North Dakota
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[20] | |
North Dakota at-large 2 seats on a general ticket |
Thomas F. Marshall | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Burleigh F. Spalding | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent lost renomination. Republican hold. |
Ohio
[edit]Oregon
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Oregon 1 | Binger Hermann | Republican | 1903 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Oregon 2 | John N. Williamson | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania
[edit]Rhode Island
[edit]South Carolina
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Carolina 1 | George Swinton Legaré | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 2 | George W. Croft | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
South Carolina 3 | Wyatt Aiken | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 4 | Joseph T. Johnson | Democratic | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 5 | David E. Finley | Democratic | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 6 | Robert B. Scarborough | Democratic | 1900 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
South Carolina 7 | A. Frank Lever | Democratic | 1901 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Dakota
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[23] | |
South Dakota at-large (2 seats elected on a general ticket) |
Charles H. Burke | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Eben Martin | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Tennessee
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Tennessee 1 | Walter P. Brownlow | Republican | 1896 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 2 | Henry R. Gibson | Republican | 1894 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. |
|
Tennessee 3 | John A. Moon | Democratic | 1896 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 4 | Morgan C. Fitzpatrick | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
Tennessee 5 | James D. Richardson | Democratic | 1884 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. |
|
Tennessee 6 | John W. Gaines | Democratic | 1896 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 7 | Lemuel P. Padgett | Democratic | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 8 | Thetus W. Sims | Democratic | 1896 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 9 | Rice A. Pierce | Democratic | 1896 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold. |
|
Tennessee 10 | Malcolm R. Patterson | Democratic | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas
[edit]Utah
[edit]Vermont
[edit]Virginia
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Virginia 1 | |||||
Virginia 2 | |||||
Virginia 3 | |||||
Virginia 4 | |||||
Virginia 5 | |||||
Virginia 6 | Carter Glass | Democratic | 1902 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 7 | James Hay | Democratic | 1904 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 8 | |||||
Virginia 9 | |||||
Virginia 10 | Henry D. Flood | Democratic | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Washington
[edit]West Virginia
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
West Virginia 1 | Blackburn B. Dovener | Republican | 1894 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
West Virginia 2 | Alston G. Dayton | Republican | 1894 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
West Virginia 3 | Joseph H. Gaines | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
West Virginia 4 | Harry C. Woodyard | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
West Virginia 5 | James A. Hughes | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Others
|
Wisconsin
[edit]Wisconsin elected eleven members of congress on Election Day, November 8, 1904.[41][42]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Wisconsin 1 | Henry Allen Cooper | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 2 | Henry Cullen Adams | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 3 | Joseph W. Babcock | Republican | 1892 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 4 | Theobald Otjen | Republican | 1894 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 5 | William H. Stafford | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 6 | Charles H. Weisse | Democratic | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 7 | John J. Esch | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 8 | James H. Davidson | Republican | 1896 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 9 | Edward S. Minor | Republican | 1894 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 10 | Webster E. Brown | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 11 | John J. Jenkins | Republican | 1894 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wyoming
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[43] | |
Wyoming at-large | Frank W. Mondell | Republican | 1898 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Non-voting delegates
[edit]Oklahoma Territory
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[44] | |
Oklahoma Territory at-large | Bird S. McGuire | Republican | 1902 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New Mexico Territory
[edit]New Mexico Territory elected its non-voting delegate November 8, 1904.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[45] | |
New Mexico Territory at-large | Bernard Shandon Rodey | Republican | 1900 | Incumbent lost renomination and then lost re-election as an Independent Republican. Republican hold. |
|
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
- ^ a b Martis, pp. 158–159.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - CA District 03 Race - Nov 08, 1904".
- ^ "ID At Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
- ^ "MS - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
- ^ "MS - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
- ^ "MS - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
- ^ "MS - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
- ^ "MS - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
- ^ "MS - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
- ^ "MS - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
- ^ "MS - District 08". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
- ^ "MT At-Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - NE - District 01 Race - Nov 8, 1904". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 3 October 2021.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - NE - District 02 Race - Nov 8, 1904". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 3 October 2021.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - NE - District 03 Race - Nov 8, 1904". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 3 October 2021.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - NE - District 04 Race - Nov 8, 1904". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 3 October 2021.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - NE - District 05 Race - Nov 8, 1904". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 3 October 2021.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - NE - District 06 Race - Nov 8, 1904". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 3 October 2021.
- ^ "ND At Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 6 April 2021.
- ^ "OR - District 01 Race - Jun 06, 1904". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2021.
- ^ "OR - District 02 Race - Jun 06, 1904". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 27 November 2021.
- ^ "SD At Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 08". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 09". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 10". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - VA District 06 - Special Election Race - Nov 04, 1902". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2021-04-09.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - VA - District 07 Race - Nov 08, 1904". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2021-04-09.
- ^ "WV District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
- ^ "WV District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
- ^ "WV District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
- ^ "WV District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
- ^ "WV District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 21 April 2021.
- ^ "Wisconsin U.S. House Election Results" (PDF). Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved March 8, 2022 – via Wayback Machine.
- ^ Erickson, Halford, ed. (1905). "Biographical Sketches". The Blue Book of the State of Wisconsin 1905 (Report). Wisconsin Bureau of Labor and Industrial Statistics. pp. 1065–1069. Retrieved June 8, 2024.
- ^ "WY At-Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - OK Territorial Delegate - Final Election Race - Nov 08, 1904".
- ^ "Our Campaigns - NM Territorial Delegate Race - Nov 08, 1904".
Bibliography
[edit]- Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
- Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
- Secretary of State (1905). Maryland Manual 1904. Baltimore: Wm. J. C. Dulany Co. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
External links
[edit]- Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)