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Hockey Champions Trophy

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Hockey Champions Trophy (HCT)
Most recent season or competition:
2018 Women's Hockey Champions Trophy
SportField hockey
FoundedM: 1978
W: 1987
Ceased2018
Replaced byMen's FIH Pro League
Women's FIH Pro League
No. of teams6
ContinentFIH (International)
Last
champion(s)
M: Australia (15th title)
W: Netherlands (7th title)
Most titlesM: Australia (15 titles)
W: Argentina
 Netherlands (7 titles each)

The Hockey Champions Trophy (HCT) was an international field hockey tournament held by the International Hockey Federation (FIH). It featured the top 6 ranked nations in that year.

History

[edit]

Founded in 1978 by Pakistan's Air Marshal Nur Khan and the Pakistan Hockey Federation, it featured the world's top-ranked field hockey teams competing in a round robin format. A biennial women's tournament was added in 1987. The Champions Trophy was changed from an annual to a biennial event from 2014 onwards, due to the introduction of the Hockey World League (HWL). The 2018 edition was the last edition of the Champions Trophy and the tournament was replaced by the Men's FIH Pro League and the Women's FIH Pro League in 2019.[1]

In the men's tournament, Australia won the tournament fifteen times, Germany ten and the Netherlands eight times. Pakistan is the only Asian champion, with three titles to its name including the first two in 1978 and 1980. In the women's tournament, Argentina and the Netherlands won the trophy seven times each. Australia have won the trophy six times, while Germany, China and South Korea have won it one time each.

Since the 2011 edition, eight teams of each six have qualified for the championship. The first edition had five teams, the second had seven, 1987 had eight, and all other editions through 2010 had six. In the year following the Olympics or a World Cup, the participating teams include the host, the defending champion, the world champion and the next highest ranked teams from either the most recent World Cup or Olympic Games.

Men

[edit]

Summaries

[edit]
Year Hosts Final Third Place Match
Winners Score Runners-up Third Place Score Fourth Place
1978
Details
Lahore, Pakistan
Pakistan
RR
Australia

Great Britain
RR
New Zealand
1980
Details
Karachi, Pakistan
Pakistan
RR
West Germany

Australia
RR
Netherlands
1981
Details
Karachi, Pakistan
Netherlands
RR
Australia

West Germany
RR
Pakistan
1982
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands
Netherlands
RR
Australia

India
RR
Pakistan
1983
Details
Karachi, Pakistan
Australia
RR
Pakistan

West Germany
RR
India
1984
Details
Karachi, Pakistan
Australia
RR
Pakistan

Great Britain
RR
Netherlands
1985
Details
Perth, Australia
Australia
RR
Great Britain

West Germany
RR
Pakistan
1986
Details
Karachi, Pakistan
West Germany
RR
Australia

Pakistan
RR
Great Britain
1987
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands
West Germany
RR
Netherlands

Australia
RR
Great Britain
1988
Details
Lahore, Pakistan
West Germany
RR
Pakistan

Australia
RR
Soviet Union
1989
Details
Berlin, West Germany
Australia
RR
Netherlands

West Germany
RR
Pakistan
1990
Details
Melbourne, Australia
Australia
RR
Netherlands

Germany
RR
Pakistan
1991
Details
Berlin, Germany
Germany
RR
Pakistan

Netherlands
RR
Australia
1992
details
Karachi, Pakistan
Germany
4–0
Australia

Pakistan
2–1
Netherlands
1993
Details
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Australia
4–0
Germany

Netherlands
6–2
Pakistan
1994
Details
Lahore, Pakistan
Pakistan
2–2
(7–6)

Penalty strokes

Germany

Netherlands
2–2
(9–8)

Penalty strokes

Australia
1995
Details
Berlin, Germany
Germany
2–2
(4–2)

Penalty strokes

Australia

Pakistan
2–1
Netherlands
1996
Details
Madras, India
Netherlands
3–2
Pakistan

Germany
5–0
India
1997
Details
Adelaide, Australia
Germany
3–2
After extra time

Australia

Spain
2–1
Netherlands
1998
Details
Lahore, Pakistan
Netherlands
3–1
Pakistan

Australia
1–1
(8–7)

Penalty strokes

South Korea
1999
Details
Brisbane, Australia
Australia
3–1
South Korea

Netherlands
5–2
Spain
2000
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands
Netherlands
2–1
After extra time

Germany

South Korea
3–0
Spain
2001
Details
Rotterdam, Netherlands
Germany
2–1
Australia

Netherlands
5–2
Pakistan
2002
Details
Cologne, Germany
Netherlands
0–0
(3–2)

Penalty strokes

Germany

Pakistan
4–3
India
2003
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands
Netherlands
4–2
Australia

Pakistan
4–3
India
2004
Details
Lahore, Pakistan
Spain
4–2
Netherlands

Pakistan
3–2
India
2005
Details
Chennai, India
Australia
3–1
Netherlands

Spain
5–2
Germany
2006
Details
Terrassa, Spain
Netherlands
2–1
Germany

Spain
2–2
(5–4)

Penalty strokes

Australia
2007
Details
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Germany
1–0
Australia

Netherlands
3–2
South Korea
2008
Details
Rotterdam, Netherlands
Australia
4–1
Spain

Argentina
2–2
(5–3)

Penalty strokes

Netherlands
2009
Details
Melbourne, Australia
Australia
5–3
Germany

South Korea
4–2
Netherlands
2010
Details
Mönchengladbach, Germany
Australia
4–0
England

Netherlands
4–1
Germany
2011
Details
Auckland, New Zealand
Australia
1–0
Spain

Netherlands
5–3
New Zealand
2012
Details
Melbourne, Australia
Australia
2–1
After extra time

Netherlands

Pakistan
3–2
India
2014
Details
Bhubaneswar, India
Germany
2–0
Pakistan

Australia
2–1
India
2016
Details
London, United Kingdom
Australia
0–0
(3–1)

Penalty shoot-out

India

Germany
1–0
Great Britain
2018
Details
Breda, Netherlands
Australia
1–1
(3–1)

Penalty shoot-out

India

Netherlands
2–0
Argentina

Successful national teams

[edit]
Team Titles Runners-up Third Place Fourth Place
 Australia 15 (1983, 1984, 1985*, 1989, 1990*, 1993, 1999*, 2005, 2008, 2009*, 2010, 2011, 2012*, 2016, 2018) 10 (1978, 1981, 1982, 1986, 1992, 1995, 1997*, 2001, 2003, 2007) 5 (1980, 1987, 1988, 1998, 2014) 3 (1991, 1994, 2006)
 Germany^ 10 (1986, 1987, 1988, 1991*, 1992, 1995*, 1997, 2001, 2007, 2014) 7 (1980, 1993, 1994, 2000, 2002*, 2006, 2009) 7 (1981, 1983, 1985, 1989*, 1990, 1996, 2016) 2 (2005, 2010*)
 Netherlands 8 (1981, 1982*, 1996, 1998, 2000*, 2002, 2003*, 2006) 6 (1987*, 1989, 1990, 2004, 2005, 2012) 9 (1991, 1993, 1994, 1999, 2001*, 2007, 2010, 2011, 2018*) 7 (1980, 1984, 1992, 1995, 1997, 2008*, 2009)
 Pakistan 3 (1978*, 1980*, 1994*) 7 (1983*, 1984*, 1988*, 1991, 1996, 1998*, 2014) 7 (1986*, 1992*, 1995, 2002, 2003, 2004*, 2012) 7 (1981*, 1982, 1985, 1989, 1990, 1993, 2001)
 Spain 1 (2004) 2 (2008, 2011) 3 (1997, 2005, 2006*) 2 (1999, 2000)
 Great Britain~ 2 (1985, 2010) 2 (1978, 1984) 3 (1986, 1987, 2016*)
 India 2 (2016, 2018) 1 (1982) 7 (1983, 1996*, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2012, 2014*)
 South Korea 1 (1999) 2 (2000, 2009) 2 (1998, 2007)
 Argentina 1 (2008) 1 (2018)
 New Zealand 2 (1978, 2011*)
 Soviet Union# 1 (1988)
* = host nation
^ = includes results representing West Germany between 1980 and 1989
~ = includes results representing England
# = states that have since split into two or more independent nations

Team appearances

[edit]
Team Pakistan
1978
Pakistan
1980
Pakistan
1981
Netherlands
1982
Pakistan
1983
Pakistan
1984
Australia
1985
Pakistan
1986
Netherlands
1987
Pakistan
1988
West Germany
1989
Australia
1990
Germany
1991
Pakistan
1992
Malaysia
1993
Pakistan
1994
Germany
1995
India
1996
Australia
1997
Pakistan
1998
Australia
1999
Netherlands
2000
Netherlands
2001
Germany
2002
Netherlands
2003
Pakistan
2004
India
2005
Spain
2006
Malaysia
2007
Netherlands
2008
Australia
2009
Germany
2010
New Zealand
2011
Australia
2012
India
2014
United Kingdom
2016
Netherlands
2018
Total
 Argentina - - - - - - - - 5th - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5th - - 6th - 3rd - - - - 6th - 4th 6
 Australia 2nd 3rd 2nd 2nd 1st 1st 1st 2nd 3rd 3rd 1st 1st 4th 2nd 1st 4th 2nd 6th 2nd 3rd 1st 5th 2nd 5th 2nd - 1st 4th 2nd 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 3rd 1st 1st 36
 Belgium - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5th 8th 5th 5th 4
 France - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6th - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
 Germany^ - 2nd 3rd 5th 3rd - 3rd 1st 1st 1st 3rd 3rd 1st 1st 2nd 2nd 1st 3rd 1st 6th - 2nd 1st 2nd 6th 5th 4th 2nd 1st 5th 2nd 4th 5th 6th 1st 3rd - 33
 Great Britain~ 3rd 7th 6th - - 3rd 2nd 4th 4th 6th 5th 6th 5th 5th - 6th 6th - - - 5th 6th 5th - - - - - 6th - 6th 2nd 6th 8th 7th 4th - 24
 India - 5th - 3rd 4th - 6th 5th - - 6th - - - - - 5th 4th - - - - - 4th 4th 4th 6th - - - - - - 4th 4th 2nd 2nd 16
 Malaysia - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6th - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8th - - - - - - - - 2
 Netherlands - 4th 1st 1st 5th 4th 5th 6th 2nd - 2nd 2nd 3rd 4th 3rd 3rd 4th 1st 4th 1st 3rd 1st 3rd 1st 1st 2nd 2nd 1st 3rd 4th 4th 3rd 3rd 2nd 5th - 3rd 34
 New Zealand 4th - - - 6th 5th - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6th - - - - - 6th 4th 7th - - - 7
 Pakistan 1st 1st 4th 4th 2nd 2nd 4th 3rd 7th 2nd 4th 4th 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 3rd 2nd 5th 2nd 6th - 4th 3rd 3rd 3rd 5th 5th 7th - - - 7th 3rd 2nd - 6th 32
 South Korea - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6th 4th 2nd 3rd 6th 6th - - - - 4th 6th 3rd - 8th - - 6th - 11
 Soviet Union# - - - 6th - - - - 8th 4th - 5th 6th Defunct 5
 Spain 5th 6th 5th - - 6th - - 6th 5th - - - - 5th 5th - 5th 3rd 5th 4th 4th - - - 1st 3rd 3rd 5th 2nd 5th 5th 2nd - - - - 21
Total 5 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 6 6 6 8 8 8 6 6 234
^ = includes results representing West Germany between 1980 and 1989
~ = includes results representing England
# = states that have since split into two or more independent nations

Australia is the only team to have competed at almost every Champions Trophy, except for only one edition; 14 teams have competed in at least one Champions Trophy.

Women

[edit]

Summaries

[edit]
Year Hosts Final Third Place Match
Winners Score Runners-up Third Place Score Fourth Place
1987
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands
Netherlands
RR
Australia

South Korea
RR
Canada
1989
Details
Frankfurt, West Germany
South Korea
RR
Australia

West Germany
RR
Great Britain
1991
Details
Berlin, Germany
Australia
RR
Germany

Netherlands
RR
Spain
1993
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands
Australia
1–1
(4–2)
Penalty strokes

Netherlands

Germany
2–0
South Korea
1995
Details
Mar del Plata, Argentina
Australia
1–1
(4–3)
Penalty strokes

South Korea

United States
0–0
(4–1)

Penalty strokes

Germany
1997
Details
Berlin, Germany
Australia
2–1
After extra time

Germany

Netherlands
5–2
South Korea
1999
Details
Brisbane, Australia
Australia
3–2
Netherlands

Germany
1–0
Argentina
2000
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands
Netherlands
3–2
Germany

Australia
1–0
Argentina
2001
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands
Argentina
3–2
Netherlands

Australia
2–1
After extra time

China
2002
Details
Macau
China
2–2
(3–1)
Penalty strokes

Argentina

Netherlands
4–3
After extra time

Australia
2003
Details
Sydney, Australia
Australia
3–2
China

Netherlands
3–2
Argentina
2004
Details
Rosario, Argentina
Netherlands
2–0
Germany

Argentina
3–2
Australia
2005
Details
Canberra, Australia
Netherlands
0–0
(5–4)
Penalty strokes

Australia

China
2–2
(9–8)

Penalty strokes

Argentina
2006
Details
Amstelveen, Netherlands
Germany
3–2
China

Netherlands
1–1
(4–1)

Penalty strokes

Argentina
2007
Details
Quilmes, Argentina
Netherlands
1–0
Argentina

Germany
2–0
Australia
2008
Details
Mönchengladbach, Germany
Argentina
6–2
Germany

Netherlands
3–0
China
2009
Details
Sydney, Australia
Argentina
0–0
(4–3)
Penalty strokes

Australia

Netherlands
5–2
Germany
2010
Details
Nottingham, England
Argentina
4–2
Netherlands

England
2–1
Germany
2011
Details
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Netherlands
3–3
(3–2)
Penalty strokes

Argentina

New Zealand
3–2
South Korea
2012
Details
Rosario, Argentina
Argentina
1–0
Great Britain

Netherlands
5–4
Germany
2014
Details
Mendoza, Argentina
Argentina
1–1
(3–1)
Penalty strokes

Australia

Netherlands
2–1
New Zealand
2016
Details
London, United Kingdom
Argentina
2–1
Netherlands

United States
2–2
(1–0)
Penalty strokes

Australia
2018
Details
Changzhou, China
Netherlands
5–1
Australia

Argentina
6–0
China

Performance by nation

[edit]
Team Titles Runners-up Third Place Fourth Place
 Netherlands 7 (1987*, 2000*, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2011*, 2018) 5 (1993*, 1999, 2001*, 2010, 2016) 9 (1991, 1997, 2002, 2003, 2006*, 2008, 2009, 2012, 2014)
 Argentina 7 (2001, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012*, 2014*, 2016) 3 (2002, 2007*, 2011) 2 (2004*, 2018) 5 (1999, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006)
 Australia 6 (1991, 1993, 1995, 1997, 1999*, 2003*) 6 (1987, 1989, 2005*, 2009*, 2014, 2018) 2 (2000, 2001) 4 (2002, 2004, 2007, 2016)
 Germany^ 1 (2006) 5 (1991*, 1997*, 2000, 2004, 2008*) 4 (1989*, 1993, 1999, 2007) 4 (1995, 2009, 2010, 2012)
 China 1 (2002*) 2 (2003, 2006) 1 (2005) 3 (2001, 2008, 2018*)
 South Korea 1 (1989) 1 (1995) 1 (1987) 3 (1993, 1997, 2011)
 Great Britain~ 1 (2012) 1 (2010) 1 (1989)
 United States 2 (1995, 2016)
 New Zealand 1 (2011) 1 (2014)
 Canada 1 (1987)
 Spain 1 (1991)
* = host nation
^ = includes results representing West Germany between 1987 and 1989
~ = includes results representing England

Team appearances

[edit]
Team Netherlands
1987
West Germany
1989
Germany
1991
Netherlands
1993
Argentina
1995
Germany
1997
Australia
1999
Netherlands
2000
Netherlands
2001
Macau
2002
Australia
2003
Argentina
2004
Australia
2005
Netherlands
2006
Argentina
2007
Germany
2008
Australia
2009
England
2010
Netherlands
2011
Argentina
2012
Argentina
2014
United Kingdom
2016
China
2018
Total
 Argentina - - - - 6th - 4th 4th 1st 2nd 4th 3rd 4th 4th 2nd 1st 1st 1st 2nd 1st 1st 1st 3rd 18
 Australia 2nd 2nd 1st 1st 1st 1st 1st 3rd 3rd 4th 1st 4th 2nd 5th 4th 5th 2nd - 6th - 2nd 4th 2nd 21
 Canada 4th 6th - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2
 China - - 5th - - - - - 4th 1st 2nd 5th 3rd 2nd - 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 6th - 4th 14
 Germany^ - 3rd 2nd 3rd 4th 2nd 3rd 2nd - - - 2nd 5th 1st 3rd 2nd 4th 4th 8th 4th 7th - - 17
 Great Britain~ 5th 4th - 6th - 5th - - - 6th 5th - - - - - 6th 3rd 5th 2nd 5th 5th 5th 13
 Japan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5th 6th - - - 5th 8th - 6th 5
 Netherlands 1st 5th 3rd 2nd - 3rd 2nd 1st 2nd 3rd 3rd 1st 1st 3rd 1st 3rd 3rd 2nd 1st 3rd 3rd 2nd 1st 22
 New Zealand 6th - - - - - 5th 6th 5th 5th - 6th - 6th - - - 5th 3rd 6th 4th 6th - 12
 South Africa - - - - - - - 5th - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
 South Korea 3rd 1st 6th 4th 2nd 4th 6th - - - 6th - 6th - - - - - 4th 7th - - - 11
 Spain - - 4th 5th 5th - - - 6th - - - - - 6th - - - - - - - - 5
 United States - - - - 3rd 6th - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3rd - 3
Total 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 8 8 6 6 144
^ = includes result representing West Germany in 1989
~ = includes results representing England

The Netherlands is the only team to have competed at almost every Champions Trophy, except for only one edition; 13 teams have competed in at least one Champions Trophy.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Hockey Pro League Q&A". FIH.ch. 9 June 2017. Archived from the original on 14 June 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2017.