Michael Chang
![]() Chang in 1994 | |
Country (sports) | ![]() |
---|---|
Residence | Orange County, California, U.S. |
Born | Hoboken, New Jersey, U.S. | February 22, 1972
Height | 5 ft 9 in (175 cm) |
Turned pro | 1988 |
Retired | 2003 |
Plays | Right-handed (two-handed backhand) |
Coach | José Higueras (1989)[1] Carl Chang (1992–2003)[2] |
Prize money | US$19,145,632 |
Int. Tennis HoF | 2008 (member page) |
Official website | mchang.com |
Singles | |
Career record | 662–312 (68.0%)[a] |
Career titles | 34 |
Highest ranking | No. 2 (September 9, 1996) |
Grand Slam singles results | |
Australian Open | F (1996) |
French Open | W (1989) |
Wimbledon | QF (1994) |
US Open | F (1996) |
Other tournaments | |
Tour Finals | F (1995) |
Grand Slam Cup | F (1991, 1992) |
Olympic Games | 2R (1992) |
Doubles | |
Career record | 11–33 (25%) |
Career titles | 0 |
Highest ranking | No. 199 (April 19, 1993) |
Team competitions | |
Davis Cup | W (1990) |
Coaching career | |
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Last updated on: July 5, 2014. |
Michael Chang | |||||||||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 張德培 | ||||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 张德培 | ||||||||||||||
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Michael Te-pei Chang (born February 22, 1972) is an American former professional tennis player and coach. He is the youngest man in history to win a singles major, winning the 1989 French Open at 17 years and 109 days old. Chang won a total of 34 top-level professional singles titles, (including seven Masters titles) was a three-time major runner-up and reached a career-best ranking of world No. 2 in 1996. Since he was shorter than virtually all of his opponents, he played a dogged defensive style utilizing his quickness and speed.
In 2008, Chang was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame. He began coaching Kei Nishikori in 2014.
Early life
[edit]Michael Te-Pei Chang[3] was born to Joe and Betty Chang on February 22, 1972, in Hoboken, New Jersey. Chang's parents had emigrated to the United States from Taiwan.[4][5][6]
After moving from Hoboken to St. Paul, Minnesota, where he learned tennis, Chang and his family moved first to Placentia, California, and then to Encinitas, California, to increase the tennis opportunities for him and his older brother, Carl. Growing up, Chang learned some Chinese from his Taiwanese parents and can speak Mandarin.[7] Betty quit her job as a chemist to travel with Chang on tour.[8] After rising to #163 in the world as a 15-year-old amateur, Chang dropped out of tenth grade at San Dieguito High School in Encinitas to pursue a professional tennis career. He received his GED in February 1988.
Tennis career
[edit]Junior career
[edit]Chang first came to the tennis world's attention at age 12 as an outstanding junior player who set numerous "youngest-ever" records.[9][10] At age 12 he also won his first national title, the USTA Junior Hard Court singles. At age 13, he won the Fiesta Bowl 16s.[10][11] In July 1987, at the age of 15, Chang won another USTA Junior Hard Court singles, beating Pete Sampras in the final,[12] and a month later, in Kalamazoo, he won America’s most prestigious junior event, the United States Nationals U18s tournament, beating Jim Courier in the final.[12][13] This victory earned him a wildcard for the U.S. Open.[9]
Professional career
[edit]On 1 September 1987, at age 15, Chang became the youngest player to win a main draw match at the US Open when he defeated Paul McNamee in four sets (6–3, 6–7, 6–4, 6-4) in the first round.[9][10] A month later, he reached the semifinals at Scottsdale, Arizona, to become the youngest player to reach the semifinal stage of a top-level professional tournament.[14] In 1988, aged 16 years and seven months, he won his first top-level singles title at San Francisco, defeating Johan Kriek in the final.[10] During his title run, Chang registed a 6-4, 6-0 win over Mikael Pernfors, the 1986 French Open finalist who just the previous week had beaten Andre Agassi in the finals of Los Angeles.[12]
Chang's most significant "youngest-ever" record came in 1989 when he won the French Open at the age of 17 years, 110 days, to become the youngest male player ever to win a Grand Slam title.[10] He defeated Stefan Edberg in a five-set final, 6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2.[15] Chang thus became the first American man to win the French Open since Tony Trabert in 1955, and the first American man to win a Grand Slam since 1984.[10] His 1989 French Open tournament performance is equally remembered for an epic fourth-round encounter with Ivan Lendl, who was then the world's No. 1-ranked player, was the reigning Australian Open champion, and was a three-time former French Open champion.[10][16]
In 1988, Chang had been easily beaten by Lendl in an exhibition match held in Des Moines, Iowa. After the match, Lendl advised Chang, "First off, you've got no serve. And you've certainly got no second serve. You can't hurt me. You can run but you better develop a weapon to survive out here", all weaknesses that Chang worked to improve on.[17] At the 1989 French Open, Lendl appeared to be on the way to beating Chang after taking the first two sets 6–4, 6–4 and breaking Chang's serve in his opening service game of the third set. However, Chang broke back immediately and went on to claim the third set, 6–3. During the fourth set, Chang experienced a severe attack of leg cramps, and though he won the set to level the match, he considered retiring from the match while up 2–1 in the fifth set. He later said that he felt "an unbelievable conviction in my heart" not to give up, and decided to finish the match.[18][19]
Chang adopted some unusual tactics in an attempt to overcome his cramps. Those tactics included hitting shots high into the air (known as "moon balls") to slow the match down and going for more winners in order to shorten the points.[20] The success of these tactics caused Lendl to lose his rhythm and also prompted him to swear at the umpire and the crowd, especially after losing a key point in the fifth set when Chang shocked him by delivering an under-arm serve.[21] On match point, Chang stood just behind the service line while waiting to receive Lendl's second serve. The tactic worked, as Lendl produced a double-fault to give Chang the victory, 4–6, 4–6, 6–3, 6–3, 6–3, in 4 hours and 37 minutes.
Chang subsequently defeated Ronald Agénor in the quarter-final and Andrei Chesnokov in the semi-final. Then seven days after his match against Lendl, after beating Stefan Edberg in five sets, Chang went on to lift the Coupe des Mousquetaires, becoming the youngest men's champion in Grand Slam history.[22][23] Chang's match against Lendl was played on June 5, 1989, just one day after the height of the Tiananmen Square Massacre. Chang has frequently noted the impact of the massacre when recalling his French Open victory:
A lot of people forget that Tiananmen Square was going on. The crackdown that happened was on the middle Sunday at the French Open, so if I was not practicing or playing a match, I was glued to the television, watching the events unfold...I often tell people I think it was God's purpose for me to be able to win the French Open the way it was won because I was able to put a smile on Chinese people's faces around the world at a time when there wasn't much to smile about.[24]
Chang became the first American man to win the French Open since Tony Trabert in 1955,[25][26][27] and the first American man to win a Grand Slam since 1984.[28] In August 1989, Chang became the youngest player to be ranked in the world's top 5.
Chang would defeat Lendl again in near-duplicate fashion, 2–6, 4–6, 6–4, 7–6 (7–5), 9–7 in a 4-hour, 42-minute semi-final match at the Grand Slam Cup on December 14, 1991.[29]
Chang met Edberg in the semifinals of the US Open in 1992; this time, Edberg won in five sets, 6–7, 7–5, 7–6, 5–7, 6–4. The five-hour, 26-minute match is the longest in US Open history.[30][31] Chang reached three further Grand Slam finals after his 1989 French Open triumph, losing the 1995 French Open final to Thomas Muster, the 1996 Australian Open final to Boris Becker, and the 1996 US Open final to Pete Sampras. In the 1995 French Open, he defeated Michael Stich and then two-time defending champion Sergi Bruguera in the semifinals in straight sets, eventually losing to Muster. In both the 1996 Australian and U.S. Opens, he defeated Andre Agassi in the semifinals in straight sets; a win over Sampras at the U.S. Open would have made Chang the no. 1 player in the world. In the 1997 U.S. Open, he was the odds-on favorite to win after Sampras was upset by Petr Korda; however, Chang lost to eventual champion Patrick Rafter in the semifinals in straight sets.
Chang is the first player to be beaten by Roger Federer in the main draw of a Grand Slam tournament, at the 2000 Australian Open.[32] He is also the second player to be beaten by Andy Roddick in the main draw of a Grand Slam tournament, in the second round of the French Open in 2001.[33]
Chang was introduced to tennis by his father Joe, who was his first coach. During his rise in 1989 (including his French Open title), he was coached by José Higueras. For much of his professional career, he was coached by his older brother Carl Chang, who also played in several doubles tournaments with him in the early 1990s.
Chang retired from the professional tour in 2003. During his career, he won a total of 34 top-level professional singles titles. His final top-level title was won in 2000 at Los Angeles. His total career prize-money earnings was US$19,145,632. His career-high singles ranking was world no. 2 in 1996, following his US Open finals performance. He was a year-end top-ten player for six consecutive years in the 1990s (1992–1997), a feat matched in the decade only by Pete Sampras. He is one of a few players to win ATP titles in three different decades. His three Indian Wells Masters titles was an ATP record which stood for 15 years, before being eclipsed by Roger Federer in 2012.
Chang's success marked the start of an era in which a new generation of American players—which also included Pete Sampras, Jim Courier, and Andre Agassi—would come to dominate the game.[22]
International play
[edit]Chang was a key member of the US team which won the Davis Cup in 1990. In the semifinals in Austria, his dramatic comeback from two-sets down against Horst Skoff, 3–6, 6–7, 6–4, 6–4, 6–3, led the US into its first Davis Cup final since 1984.[34] Chang went on to defeat Darren Cahill in straight sets, as the US defeated Australia in the final. He was also on the US team which won the World Team Cup in 1993. His best performance in the year-end singles championship came in 1995, when he defeated Muster, Jim Courier, and then dominated Pete Sampras in the semifinals, before losing in the final to Boris Becker.
Chang represented the US in the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, reaching the second round before being eliminated by Jaime Oncins. He chose to skip the 1996 Summer Olympics despite the fact that the event was held in Atlanta and that he would have been the tournament's number-one seed (the singles' gold medal was won by Andre Agassi). Chang participated in the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, where he was eliminated in the first round by Sébastien Lareau.
Awards and recognition
[edit]- Chang won the ATP Newcomer of the Year award in 1988.
- Chang was awarded ATP Most Improved Player in 1989.
- In 2008, Chang was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame.[35]
- On 3 May 2009, Chang was honored by the Los Angeles Chinese Historical Society of Southern California in "Celebrating Taiwanese Americans in Sports".[36]
Equipment and endorsements
[edit]Chang signed a multimillion-dollar endorsement deal with Reebok in 1988;[37] he wore Reebok apparel and Reebok Court Victory Pumps shoes[38] during his tennis career[39] and used Prince rackets on court.[40] He started using the Prince "Precision Michael Chang Graphite" 28-inch signature racket in 1994, which was an inch longer than the standard model.[41]
Chang signed endorsement deals with Nissin Foods noodles in 1989,[42] Panasonic[43] and Longines in the 1990s,[44] Cathay Pacific Airlines in 1990,[45] Bristol-Myers Squibb promoting Nuprin in 1991,[46] Stelux watches in 1993,[47] Discover Card in 1996,[48] Tiger Balm,[49] Procter & Gamble (endorsing P&G's Rejoice Shampoo),[50] Eveready Battery Company (endorsing Eveready Alkaline batteries),[50] and Yale locks.[37] In 1997, he signed a multi-year contract to endorse Watch Reebok, a collection of sports watches. A limited edition Michael Chang signature watch was released at Christmas.[51]
Off-the-court endeavors
[edit]Coaching
[edit]Chang began coaching Kei Nishikori in 2014.[52][53]
Business ventures
[edit]Chang and his family established CMCB Enterprises, which has real estate holdings including shopping malls, in California, Texas, Arizona and Colorado. In 2003, they bought Dunton Realty Co., a retail brokerage and property management company,[54] and changed its name to Dunton Commercial Real Estate Co.[55] In 2004, they bought SullivanHayes Cos., a retail real estate company in Denver.[56] It was chosen by Denver International Airport to develop a new 17-acre retail project along Peña Boulevard, the airport's main artery.[57]
Charity work
[edit]Chang served as Chairman of ATP Tour Charities in 1994.[11] He has supported grassroots tennis development in Asia through his Stars of the Future program in Hong Kong and the Reebok Challenge across Asia.[11] He was one of five athletes named in the second annual "Most Caring Athlete" list by USA Today Weekend in 1995.[58] In 1997, he was given one of seven Asian-American leadership awards by A Magazine for his status as a role model for Asian-American youth.[11] He has also served as a national spokesman for the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation in the US.[59]
In 2001, Chang served as a goodwill ambassador for the 2008 Beijing Olympic bid committee.[60]
Hobbies
[edit]Chang is an avid fisherman, and often took fishing trips while traveling for tournaments. In his home in Mercer Island, Washington, he set up several fresh-water aquariums, his largest being 240 gallons, eight-feet long by two feet high, which he uses to breed African cichilds among other things.[11]
Book
[edit]In 2002, Chang published a book about his career entitled Holding Serve: Persevering On and Off the Court.[61][62]
Education
[edit]Chang attended the master's in ministry program at Biola University in La Mirada, California, for a year and a half. He serves on Biola's Board of Trustees.[63]
Personal life
[edit]On 18 October 2008, Chang married Amber Liu, also a professional tennis player.[64][65] They have three children,[66] including two daughters.[67][68] He is a devout Christian.[69][70][62]
Significant finals
[edit]Grand Slam finals
[edit]Singles: 4 (1–3)
[edit]Outcome | Year | Championship | Surface | Opponent | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Winner | 1989 | French Open | Clay | ![]() |
6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2 |
Runner-up | 1995 | French Open | Clay | ![]() |
5–7, 2–6, 4–6 |
Runner-up | 1996 | Australian Open | Hard | ![]() |
2–6, 4–6, 6–2, 2–6 |
Runner-up | 1996 | US Open | Hard | ![]() |
1–6, 4–6, 6–7(3–7) |
Year-end championships finals
[edit]Singles: 1 (0–1)
[edit]Outcome | Year | Championship | Surface | Opponent | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Runner-up | 1995 | Frankfurt | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–7(3–7), 0–6, 6–7(5–7) |
Grand Slam Cup finals
[edit]Singles: 2 (0–2)
[edit]Outcome | Year | Championship | Surface | Opponent | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Runner-up | 1991 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
5–7, 2–6, 4–6 |
Runner-up | 1992 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
2–6, 3–6, 2–6 |
Masters Series finals
[edit]Singles: 9 (7–2)
[edit]Outcome | Year | Championship | Surface | Opponent | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Winner | 1990 | Canada (Toronto) | Hard | ![]() |
4–6, 6–3, 7–6(7–2) |
Winner | 1992 | Indian Wells | Hard | ![]() |
6–3, 6–4, 7–5 |
Winner | 1992 | Miami | Hard | ![]() |
7–5, 7–5 |
Winner | 1993 | Cincinnati | Hard | ![]() |
7–5, 0–6, 6–4 |
Winner | 1994 | Cincinnati | Hard | ![]() |
6–2, 7–5 |
Runner-up | 1995 | Cincinnati | Hard | ![]() |
5–7, 2–6 |
Winner | 1996 | Indian Wells | Hard | ![]() |
7–5, 6–1, 6–1 |
Runner-up | 1996 | Cincinnati | Hard | ![]() |
6–7(4–7), 4–6 |
Winner | 1997 | Indian Wells | Hard | ![]() |
4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–3 |
ATP career finals
[edit]Singles: 58 (34 wins, 24 runners-up)
[edit]
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|
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Result | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Win | 1. | Sep 1988 | San Francisco, US | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–2, 6–3 |
Win | 2. | May 1989 | French Open, Paris | Clay | ![]() |
6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2 |
Loss | 1. | Sep 1989 | Los Angeles, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–2, 4–6, 2–6 |
Win | 3. | Nov 1989 | Wembley, UK | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–2, 6–1, 6–1 |
Win | 4. | Jul 1990 | Toronto, Canada | Hard | ![]() |
4–6, 6–3, 7–6(7–2) |
Loss | 2. | Jul 1990 | Los Angeles, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–7(4–7), 6–2, 6–7(3–7) |
Loss | 3. | Nov 1990 | Wembley, UK | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–7(7–9), 3–6 |
Win | 5. | Nov 1991 | Birmingham, UK | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–3, 6–2 |
Loss | 4. | Dec 1991 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
5–7, 2–6, 4–6 |
Win | 6. | Feb 1992 | San Francisco, US | Hard (i) | ![]() |
6–3, 6–3 |
Win | 7. | Mar 1992 | Indian Wells, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–3, 6–4, 7–5 |
Win | 8. | Mar 1992 | Miami, US | Hard | ![]() |
7–5, 7–5 |
Loss | 5. | Apr 1992 | Hong Kong, UK | Hard | ![]() |
5–7, 3–6 |
Loss | 6. | Dec 1992 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
2–6, 3–6, 2–6 |
Win | 9. | Jan 1993 | Jakarta, Indonesia | Hard | ![]() |
2–6, 6–2, 6–1 |
Win | 10. | Mar 1993 | Osaka, Japan | Hard | ![]() |
6–4, 6–4 |
Loss | 7. | Aug 1993 | Los Angeles, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–0, 6–7(3–7), 6–7(5–7) |
Win | 11. | Aug 1993 | Cincinnati, US | Hard | ![]() |
7–5, 0–6, 6–4 |
Loss | 8. | Aug 1993 | Long Island, US | Hard | ![]() |
4–6, 6–3, 1–6 |
Win | 12. | Sep 1993 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Hard (i) | ![]() |
6–0, 6–4 |
Win | 13. | Oct 1993 | Beijing, China | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
7–6(7–5), 6–7(6–8), 6–4 |
Win | 14. | Jan 1994 | Jakarta, Indonesia | Hard | ![]() |
6–3, 6–3 |
Loss | 9. | Jan 1994 | San Jose, US | Hard (i) | ![]() |
6–3, 3–6, 5–7 |
Win | 15. | Feb 1994 | Philadelphia, US | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–3, 6–2 |
Loss | 10. | Apr 1994 | Tokyo, Japan | Hard | ![]() |
4–6, 2–6 |
Win | 16. | Apr 1994 | Hong Kong, UK | Hard | ![]() |
6–1, 6–3 |
Win | 17. | Apr 1994 | Atlanta, US | Clay | ![]() |
6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–4), 6–0 |
Win | 18. | Aug 1994 | Cincinnati, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–2, 7–5 |
Loss | 11. | Oct 1994 | Tokyo, Japan | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
4–6, 4–6 |
Win | 19. | Oct 1994 | Beijing, China | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
7–5, 7–5 |
Loss | 12. | Feb 1995 | San Jose, US | Hard (i) | ![]() |
2–6, 6–1, 3–6 |
Loss | 13. | Feb 1995 | Philadelphia, US | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–0, 4–6, 0–6 |
Win | 20. | Apr 1995 | Hong Kong, UK | Hard | ![]() |
6–3, 6–1 |
Win | 21. | May 1995 | Atlanta, US | Clay | ![]() |
6–2, 6–7(6–8), 6–4 |
Loss | 14. | May 1995 | French Open, Paris, France | Clay | ![]() |
5–7, 2–6, 4–6 |
Loss | 15. | Aug 1995 | Cincinnati, US | Hard | ![]() |
5–7, 2–6 |
Win | 22. | Oct 1995 | Tokyo, Japan | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–3, 6–4 |
Win | 23. | Oct 1995 | Beijing, China | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
7–5, 6–3 |
Loss | 16. | Nov 1995 | Tennis Masters Cup, Frankfurt | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
6–7(3–7), 0–6, 6–7(5–7) |
Loss | 17. | Jan 1996 | Australian Open, Melbourne | Hard | ![]() |
2–6, 4–6, 6–2, 2–6 |
Win | 24. | Mar 1996 | Indian Wells, US | Hard | ![]() |
7–5, 6–1, 6–1 |
Loss | 18. | Apr 1996 | Hong Kong, UK | Hard | ![]() |
4–6, 6–3, 4–6 |
Win | 25. | Jul 1996 | Washington, D.C., US | Hard | ![]() |
6–2, 6–4 |
Win | 26. | Jul 1996 | Los Angeles, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–4, 6–3 |
Loss | 19. | Aug 1996 | Cincinnati, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–7(4–7), 4–6 |
Loss | 20. | Aug 1996 | US Open, New York City | Hard | ![]() |
1–6, 4–6, 6–7(3–7) |
Loss | 21. | Sep 1996 | Singapore | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
4–6, 4–6 |
Win | 27. | Feb 1997 | Memphis, US | Hard (i) | ![]() |
6–3, 6–4 |
Win | 28. | Mar 1997 | Indian Wells, US | Hard | ![]() |
4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–3 |
Win | 29. | Apr 1997 | Hong Kong, UK | Hard | ![]() |
6–3, 6–3 |
Win | 30. | Apr 1997 | Orlando, US | Clay | ![]() |
4–6, 6–2, 6–1 |
Win | 31. | Jul 1997 | Washington, D.C., US | Hard | ![]() |
5–7, 6–2, 6–1 |
Loss | 22. | Feb 1998 | Memphis, US | Hard (i) | ![]() |
3–6, 2–6 |
Loss | 23. | Apr 1998 | Orlando, US | Clay | ![]() |
5–7, 6–3, 5–7 |
Win | 32. | Aug 1998 | Boston, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–3, 6–4 |
Win | 33. | Oct 1998 | Shanghai, China | Carpet (i) | ![]() |
4–6, 6–1, 6–2 |
Loss | 24. | Jan 2000 | Auckland, New Zealand | Hard | ![]() |
6–3, 3–6, 5–7 |
Win | 34. | Jul 2000 | Los Angeles, US | Hard | ![]() |
6–7(2–7), 6–3, ret. |
Singles performance timeline
[edit]W | F | SF | QF | #R | RR | Q# | DNQ | A | NH |
Tournament | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | W–L | SR | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grand Slam tournaments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Australian Open | A | A | A | A | A | 3R | 2R | A | SF | F | SF | 2R | 2R | 1R | 1R | 1R | A | 21–10 | 0 / 10 | |||||
French Open | A | 3R | W | QF | QF | 3R | 2R | 3R | F | 3R | 4R | 3R | 1R | 3R | 2R | 1R | 1R | 38–15 | 1 / 16 | |||||
Wimbledon | A | 2R | 4R | 4R | 1R | 1R | 3R | QF | 2R | 1R | 1R | 2R | A | 2R | 2R | 2R | A | 18–14 | 0 / 14 | |||||
US Open | 2R | 4R | 4R | 3R | 4R | SF | QF | 4R | QF | F | SF | 2R | 2R | 2R | 1R | 2R | 1R | 43–17 | 0 / 17 | |||||
Win–loss | 1–1 | 6–3 | 13–2 | 9–3 | 7–3 | 9–4 | 8–4 | 9–3 | 16–4 | 14–4 | 13–4 | 5–4 | 2–3 | 4–4 | 2–4 | 2–4 | 0–2 | 120–56 | 1 / 57 | |||||
Olympic Games | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Summer Olympics | NH | A | Not Held | 2R | Not Held | A | Not Held | 1R | Not Held | 1–2 | 0 / 2 | |||||||||||||
Year-end championship | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tennis Masters Cup | DNQ | RR | DNQ | RR | RR | RR | F | RR | RR | Did not qualify | 7–16 | 0 / 7 | ||||||||||||
Grand Prix | ATP Masters Series | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Indian Wells Masters | A | 1R | QF | A | QF | W | SF | 3R | 3R | W | W | A | 1R | 2R | 1R | 1R | 1R | 28–11 | 3 / 14 | |||||
Miami Masters | A | A | A | A | 3R | W | 1R | 3R | 2R | QF | 2R | A | 1R | 2R | 2R | 1R | 2R | 18–11 | 1 / 12 | |||||
Monte Carlo Masters | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | 1R | A | A | A | 1R | 1R | A | A | 0–3 | 0 / 3 | |||||
Rome Masters | A | A | A | 1R | A | QF | SF | 2R | QF | A | 1R | QF | 2R | 2R | 2R | A | A | 17–10 | 0 / 10 | |||||
Hamburg Masters | A | A | A | 1R | A | 2R | 1R | A | A | A | A | 2R | 1R | 1R | 2R | A | A | 3–7 | 0 / 7 | |||||
Canada Masters | A | A | A | W | 1R | A | 3R | 3R | QF | A | SF | A | 3R | 2R | 1R | A | A | 15–8 | 1 / 9 | |||||
Cincinnati Masters | A | QF | QF | QF | 3R | SF | W | W | F | F | SF | 2R | QF | 1R | 2R | 3R | 1R | 41–14 | 2 / 16 | |||||
Stuttgart Masters1 | A | A | A | 3R | A | A | A | 2R | 2R | SF | 2R | 1R | 2R | QF | A | A | A | 9–8 | 0 / 8 | |||||
Paris Masters | A | A | QF | 1R | SF | 2R | 3R | SF | QF | 3R | 2R | 1R | SF | 3R | A | A | A | 18–12 | 0 / 12 | |||||
Runners-up | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 | ||||||
Titles | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 34 | ||||||
Overall win-loss | 4–4 | 23–13 | 47–17 | 36–21 | 47–20 | 57–23 | 66–21 | 66–21 | 65–19 | 65–19 | 57–21 | 35–17 | 30–22 | 42–26 | 16–21 | 7–16 | 2–10 | 662–312 | ||||||
Year-end ranking | 163 | 30 | 5 | 15 | 15 | 6 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 29 | 50 | 32 | 94 | 124 | 383 |
1 Held as Stockholm Masters until 1994, Stuttgart Masters from 1995 to 2001.
Top 10 wins
[edit]Season | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | Total |
Wins | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 51 |
# | Player | Rank | Event | Surface | Rd | Score | Chang rank |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1989 | |||||||
1. | ![]() |
5 | Indian Wells, United States | Hard | 3R | 6–3, 6–2 | 25 |
2. | ![]() |
1 | French Open, Paris, France | Clay | 4R | 4–6, 4–6, 6–3, 6–3, 6–3 | 19 |
3. | ![]() |
3 | French Open, Paris, France | Clay | F | 6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2 | 19 |
1990 | |||||||
4. | ![]() |
4 | Toronto, Canada | Hard | QF | 4–6, 7–5, 7–5 | 24 |
5. | ![]() |
1 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | 1R | 6–4, 4–6, 7–5 | 15 |
1991 | |||||||
6. | ![]() |
7 | French Open, Paris, France | Clay | 4R | 6–1, 6–1, 4–6, 6–3 | 10 |
7. | ![]() |
1 | Paris, France | Carpet (i) | 3R | 2–6, 6–1, 6–4 | 21 |
8. | ![]() |
2 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | 1R | 6–4, 6–2 | 15 |
9. | ![]() |
5 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | SF | 2–6, 4–6, 6–4, 7–6(7–5), 9–7 | 15 |
1992 | |||||||
10. | ![]() |
2 | San Francisco, United States | Hard (i) | F | 6–3, 6–3 | 16 |
11. | ![]() |
4 | Miami, United States | Hard | QF | 6–4, 7–6(7–4) | 9 |
12. | ![]() |
1 | Miami, United States | Hard | SF | 6–2, 6–4 | 9 |
13. | ![]() |
9 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | 1R | 6–4, 6–2 | 6 |
14. | ![]() |
7 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | QF | 6–3, 6–4 | 6 |
15. | ![]() |
4 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | SF | 6–7(3–7), 6–2, 6–4, 3–6, 6–3 | 6 |
1993 | |||||||
16. | ![]() |
6 | Indian Wells, United States | Hard | QF | 6–1, 6–3 | 5 |
17. | ![]() |
3 | Cincinnati, United States | Hard | F | 7–5, 0–6, 6–4 | 9 |
18. | ![]() |
5 | Long Island, United States | Hard | QF | 3–6, 6–1, 6–2 | 7 |
19. | ![]() |
3 | Long Island, United States | Hard | SF | 6–1, 6–2 | 7 |
20. | ![]() |
2 | ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, Germany | Carpet (i) | RR | 6–4, 6–0 | 7 |
1994 | |||||||
21. | ![]() |
3 | Philadelphia, United States | Carpet (i) | SF | 7–6(8–6), 6–2 | 9 |
22. | ![]() |
9 | Atlanta, United States | Clay | F | 6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–4), 6–0 | 7 |
23. | ![]() |
4 | Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom | Grass | 4R | 6–4, 7–6(9–7), 6–0 | 8 |
24. | ![]() |
4 | Cincinnati, United States | Hard | F | 6–2, 7–5 | 7 |
25. | ![]() |
7 | Tokyo, Japan | Carpet (i) | QF | 6–3, 7–6(8–6) | 9 |
26. | ![]() |
2 | Paris, France | Carpet (i) | QF | 3–6, 6–4, 7–6(7–4) | 9 |
27. | ![]() |
7 | ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, Germany | Carpet (i) | RR | 6–1, 6–0 | 6 |
28. | ![]() |
8 | Grand Slam Cup, Munich, Germany | Carpet (i) | 1R | 6–1, 7–5 | 6 |
1995 | |||||||
29. | ![]() |
1 | Atlanta, United States | Clay | F | 6–2, 6–7(6–8), 6–4 | 6 |
30. | ![]() |
7 | French Open, Paris, France | Clay | SF | 6–4, 7–6(7–5), 7–6(7–0) | 6 |
31. | ![]() |
8 | Cincinnati, United States | Hard | SF | 4–6, 6–2, 7–6(7–5) | 5 |
32. | ![]() |
3 | ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, Germany | Carpet (i) | RR | 4–6, 6–2, 6–3 | 4 |
33. | ![]() |
7 | ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, Germany | Carpet (i) | RR | 6–2, 7–5 | 4 |
34. | ![]() |
1 | ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, Germany | Carpet (i) | SF | 6–4, 6–4 | 4 |
1996 | |||||||
35. | ![]() |
2 | Australian Open, Melbourne, Australia | Hard | SF | 6–1, 6–4, 7–6(7–1) | 5 |
36. | ![]() |
3 | Indian Wells, United States | Hard | QF | 6–7(3–7), 6–2, 6–1 | 5 |
37. | ![]() |
8 | Los Angeles, United States | Hard | F | 6–4, 6–3 | 3 |
38. | ![]() |
6 | Cincinnati, United States | Hard | QF | 6–3, 7–5 | 3 |
39. | ![]() |
9 | US Open, New York, United States | Hard | SF | 6–3, 6–2, 6–2 | 3 |
40. | ![]() |
10 | Stuttgart, Germany | Carpet (i) | QF | 6–4, 6–3 | 2 |
41. | ![]() |
4 | ATP Tour World Championships, Hanover, Germany | Carpet (i) | RR | 6–7(8–10), 7–6(7–5), 6–1 | 2 |
1997 | |||||||
42. | ![]() |
2 | Indian Wells, United States | Hard | SF | 6–1, 7–6(7–1) | 3 |
43. | ![]() |
10 | Cincinnati, United States | Hard | QF | 6–1, 6–2 | 2 |
44. | ![]() |
10 | US Open, New York, United States | Hard | QF | 7–5, 6–2, 4–6, 4–6, 6–3 | 2 |
45. | ![]() |
3 | Davis Cup, Washington, D.C., United States | Hard | RR | 6–4, 1–6, 6–3, 6–4 | 2 |
46. | ![]() |
8 | ATP Tour World Championships, Hanover, Germany | Hard | RR | 7–6(10–8), 6–2 | 2 |
1998 | |||||||
47. | ![]() |
1 | Rome, Italy | Clay | 3R | 6–2, 7–6(8–6) | 14 |
1999 | |||||||
48. | ![]() |
8 | Cincinnati, United States | Hard | 2R | 6–3, 6–7(5–7), 6–2 | 58 |
49. | ![]() |
8 | Paris, France | Carpet (i) | 2R | 7–5, 6–2 | 72 |
2000 | |||||||
50. | ![]() |
9 | Stuttgart, Germany | Hard (i) | 2R | 1–6, 7–5, 6–0 | 24 |
2002 | |||||||
51. | ![]() |
3 | Cincinnati, United States | Hard | 1R | 6–3, 6–2 | 111 |
Records
[edit]- Youngest Grand Slam champion, winning French Open, at 17 years, 3 months old (1989).
- Youngest Grand Slam finalist, playing French Open final, at 17 years, 3 months old (1989).
- Youngest ever male player to be ranked ATP top-5, at 17 years, 5 months old (1989).
- Youngest ever male player to be ranked ATP top-5 at the end of the season, at 17 years, 10 months old (1989).
- Youngest ever male player to be ranked ATP top-10 at the end of the season, at 17 years, 10 months old (1989).
Notes
[edit]- ^ in ATP and Grand Prix & Grand Slam level & Davis Cup
References
[edit]- ^ Garber, Greg (May 19, 2009). "Chang refused to lose 20 years ago". ESPN. Retrieved July 5, 2014.
- ^ Christopher Clarey (September 7, 2014). "Kei Nishikori's Coach, Michael Chang, Has Been There Before". The New York Times. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ Miller, Ann (April 30, 2019). "Chang's life revolves around family". Honolulu Star-Advertiser.
- ^ "Personality Spotlight: Michael Chang". UPI. June 11, 1989.
- ^ Weeks, Jim (September 3, 2015). "Throwback Thursday: 15-Year-Old Michael Chang at the U.S. Open". Vice.com.
- ^ "Sports of The Times; Chang Persevered To End of His Career". The New York Times. August 27, 2003.
- ^ Finn, Jackie (May 30, 2017). "ASIAN-AMERICAN SPOTLIGHT: MICHAEL CHANG".
- ^ Hu, Janny (June 10, 2004). "Former tennis champ Chang crafted for service". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ a b c "Michael Chang becomes the youngest male player in the Open era to win a match at the US Open". Tennis Majors. September 1, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Michael Chang". www.tennisfame.com. October 17, 2023.
- ^ a b c d e "Michael Chang - Bio". www.atptour.com. October 17, 2023.
- ^ a b c "On This Day, 1988: Michael Chang wins first ATP singles title at 16". www.tennis.com. October 2, 2022. Retrieved October 17, 2023.
- ^ "USTA Junior Champions - Boys 18s". www.usta.com. Retrieved October 17, 2023.
- ^ "1987 Las Vegas - Draws". www.atptour.com. Retrieved October 17, 2023.
- ^ Sayles, Damon. "Michael Chang, youngest French Open champ, reflects on Paris 1989, Asian pride and more". The Athletic.
- ^ "One day, one epic match: Chang - Lendl (4th round 1989)". www.rolandgarros.com. May 31, 2020. Retrieved October 17, 2023.
- ^ Tignor, Steve (August 20, 2015). "1989: Michael Chang's inspired and inspiring French Open victory". Tennis.com.
- ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "EuroCup Of Legends – Michael Chang". Youtube. June 12, 2009. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ Clarey, Christopher (May 23, 2014). "Michael Chang Returns to French Open, With a Protégé". The New York Times. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "Michael Chang's 89 French Open Title More Than A Fond Memory". ESPN. May 19, 2009. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "Under-arm serve (fr)".
- ^ a b "What Michael Chang's 1989 French Open Title Meant". ESPN. May 19, 2009. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "He'll always have Paris: Michael Chang reflects on crowning moment". Sports Illustrated. May 22, 1999. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "Quitting was an option for Michael Chang". LA Times. May 25, 2003. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "Sam Kouvaris: Wimbledon the most memorable for Tony Trabert". The Florida Times-Union.
- ^ Evans, Richard (February 7, 2021). "Tony Trabert obituary". The Guardian.
- ^ "International Tennis Hall of Fame". www.tennisfame.com.
- ^ Jenkins, Sally (June 12, 1989). "CHANG WINS FRENCH OPEN OVER EDBERG". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
- ^ "Chang Comes Back Against Lendl, Faces Wheaton in Munich Final". Los Angeles Times. December 15, 1991.
- ^ Presse, AFP-Agence France. "'This Will Hurt,' Says Sinner After 5-hour 15-minute Defeat". www.barrons.com.
- ^ "September 12, 1992: The day Stefan Edberg beat Michael Chang in the longest ever US Open match". Tennis Majors. September 12, 2022.
- ^ Culpepper, Chuck (June 7, 2009). "Roger Federer's chance at history arrives Sunday". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ "Andy Roddick – The Agony And The Ecstasy Of A Great Career". The Sunday Leader. September 9, 2012.
- ^ Curry Kirkpatrick (October 1, 1990). "Michael Chang's five-set win lifted the U.S. over Austria in Davis Cup play". Vault.sportsillustrated.cnn.com. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "Press Releases". www.tennisfame.com. Archived from the original on December 16, 2008.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "CHSSC News and Notes April 2009". Chssc.org. Archived from the original on March 12, 2011. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ a b Bonk, Thomas (August 27, 1989). "BOY WONDER : Michael Chang Has Found God And a Seven-Figure Income. Now All He Needs is Another Big Tennis Win". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "RE-RELEASED REEBOK PUMPS UP EXCITEMENT". Foot Locker. Archived from the original on September 12, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "REEBOK LOOKS TO TAKE STRONGER FOOTHOLD IN ASIA". June 3, 1996. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "SERVE AND VOLLEY: ATP TOP 20 CLOTHES, RACQUETS, AND SHOES". SportsBusiness Journal. June 19, 1996. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "IS LONGER BETTER? PRINCE UNVEILS NEW TECHNOLOGY AROUND CHANG". SportsBusiness Journal. June 20, 1995. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ Conklin, Mike (December 21, 1989). "Christmas spirit: On the coldest day of the year, a..." Chicago Tribune. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ Feinstein, John (1992). Hard Courts: Real Life on the Professional Tennis Tours. Villard Books. ISBN 9780394583334.
- ^ "Longines Partner of the Kremlin Tennis Cup". WorldTempus. September 17, 2009. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ Horovitz, Bruce (June 26, 1990). "Athletic Firms Going to the Net in Quest for Next Tennis Celebrity". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "U.S. OPEN NOTEBOOK". AP News Archive. September 2, 1991. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "NAMES IN THE GAME". AP News Archive. May 16, 1993. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "MARKETPLACE ROUND-UP". SportsBusiness Journal. August 12, 1996. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "TOUGH MEDICINE". Asiaweek.com. 1999. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ a b Tanzer, Andrew (March 10, 1997). "Tiger Woods played here". Forbes. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "MARKETPLACE ROUND-UP". SportsBusiness Journal. May 29, 1997. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "Former French Open champion Michael Chang to coach Kei Nishikori". Sky Sports. December 11, 2013.
- ^ Cronin, Matt (December 11, 2013). "Nishikori adds Michael Chang to coaching team". Tennis.com.
- ^ "Tennis star Chang buys Dunton Realty". Denver Business Journal. June 8, 2003. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "Dunton Realty changes name". Denver Business Journal. November 7, 2003. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "SullivanHayes changing hands". Denver Business Journal. October 4, 2004. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "Developer picked for DIA retail project". Denver Business Journal. April 6, 2006. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "Michael Chang biography". AAE Speakers. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
- ^ "Michael Chang tennis". NJ Sports. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
- ^ "Chang still remembered for his historic tennis exploits". San Diego Union Tribune. April 25, 2007. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
- ^ "IN THE ARENA : McEnroe and Chang — 2 tightly strung stories". The New York Times. June 22, 2002.
- ^ a b "Chang and tennis, a match made in heaven - Taipei Times". www.taipeitimes.com. July 27, 2003.
- ^ "Michael Chang". Biola University. Retrieved July 7, 2015.
- ^ "Michael Chang Gets Married at Virginity". Gospelherald.net. October 28, 2008. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "Chang inducted into Tennis Hall of Fame". Nbcsports.msnbc.com. July 12, 2008. Archived from the original on May 19, 2011. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "Biography FAQ". Change Family Foundation. Retrieved June 24, 2024.
- ^ "The official family announcement". Chang Family Foundation. Retrieved May 17, 2011.
- ^ "Merry Christmas from the Chang Family Foundation!". Chang Family Foundation. December 30, 2013. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
- ^ "Former Grand Slam winner Michael Chang living for Jesus through coaching and mentoring". Sports Spectrum. July 6, 2018. Retrieved October 1, 2020.
- ^ Henley, Blair (May 11, 2015). "On a Swing and a Prayer: Faith's Place In Tennis". www.tennisnow.com.
Further reading
[edit]- Michael Chang: Tennis Champion (1993) by Pamela Dell ISBN 0-516-04185-1
- Holding Serve Persevering On and Off the Court (June 4, 2002) by Michael Chang, Mike Yorkey ISBN 0-7852-6656-9
External links
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Official website
- Michael Chang at the Association of Tennis Professionals
- Michael Chang at the International Tennis Federation
- Michael Chang at the Davis Cup
- Michael Chang at the International Tennis Hall of Fame
- Michael Chang at Olympedia
- Michael Chang at Olympics.com
- bio – file interview with Michael Chang
- A Chinese interview (in Simplified Chinese)
- Text and Audio of Michael Chang's Tennis Hall of Fame Induction Speech
- 1972 births
- American investors
- American male tennis players
- American memoirists
- American businesspeople in real estate
- American sportspeople of Taiwanese descent
- American writers of Taiwanese descent
- Businesspeople from California
- Businesspeople from New Jersey
- French Open champions
- Grand Slam (tennis) champions in men's singles
- International Tennis Hall of Fame inductees
- Living people
- Olympic tennis players for the United States
- Sportspeople from Encinitas, California
- Sportspeople from San Diego County, California
- Sportspeople from Hoboken, New Jersey
- Sportspeople from Orange County, California
- Sportspeople from Saint Paul, Minnesota
- American tennis players of Taiwanese descent
- Tennis players from California
- Tennis players from New Jersey
- Tennis players at the 1992 Summer Olympics
- Tennis players at the 2000 Summer Olympics