1942 in Canada
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Events from the year 1942 in Canada.
Incumbents
[edit]Crown
[edit]Federal government
[edit]- Governor General – Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone[2]
- Prime Minister – William Lyon Mackenzie King
- Chief Justice – Lyman Poore Duff (British Columbia)
- Parliament – 19th
Provincial governments
[edit]Lieutenant governors
[edit]- Lieutenant Governor of Alberta – John C. Bowen
- Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia – William Culham Woodward
- Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba – Roland Fairbairn McWilliams
- Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick – William George Clark
- Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia – Frederick F. Mathers (until November 17) then Henry Ernest Kendall
- Lieutenant Governor of Ontario – Albert Edward Matthews
- Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island – Bradford William LePage
- Lieutenant Governor of Quebec – Eugène Fiset
- Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan – Archibald Peter McNab
Premiers
[edit]- Premier of Alberta – William Aberhart
- Premier of British Columbia – John Hart
- Premier of Manitoba – John Bracken
- Premier of New Brunswick – John McNair
- Premier of Nova Scotia – A.S. MacMillan
- Premier of Ontario – Mitchell Hepburn (until October 21) then Gordon Daniel Conant
- Premier of Prince Edward Island – Thane Campbell
- Premier of Quebec – Adélard Godbout
- Premier of Saskatchewan – William John Patterson
Territorial governments
[edit]Commissioners
[edit]Events
[edit]- January 10 – Elizabeth Monk and Suzanne Filion become the first female lawyers in Quebec
- February 10 – The German submarine U-136 torpedoes and sinks HMCS Spikenard, which had eight survivors.
- February 26 – Japanese Canadians are interned and moved further inland.
- April 27 – A national plebiscite is held on the issue of conscription. Most English-Canadians are in favour, while most French-Canadians are not.
- June 20 – The Japanese submarine I-26 shells the Estevan Point lighthouse on Vancouver Island.
- July – The Official Food Rules is published, for the first time.
- August – The National Resources Mobilization Act is repealed as a result of the April plebiscite.
- August 6 – HMCS Assiniboine sinks the German submarine U-120. Max Bernays will be awarded the Conspicuous Gallantry Medal for his actions in the battle.
- August 19 – Dieppe Raid
- September 7 – The German submarine U-165 sinks HMCS Raccoon near Anticosti Island. All sailors aboard Racoon are killed.
- September 9 – The Canadian government establishes the Wartime Information Board, a government agency responsible for pro-conscription propaganda.
- September 11 – The German submarine U-517 sinks HMCS Charlottetown near Cap-Chat, Quebec, killing 9 out of the crew of 64.
- September 14 – The German submarine U-91 sinks HMCS Ottawa in the North Atlantic, killing 114 sailors, with 69 surviving.
- October 14 – The German submarine U-69 sinks the ferry SS Caribou in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, killing 137. Margaret Brooke will be named a Member of the Order of the British Empire for her actions during the sinking.
- October 21 – Gordon Conant becomes premier of Ontario, replacing Mitchell Hepburn
- December 12 – The Knights of Columbus Hostel fire in St John's, Newfoundland, kills 99.
Sport
[edit]- April 18 – The Toronto Maple Leafs win their fourth Stanley Cup by defeating the Detroit Red Wings 4 games to 3 after being down to the Red Wings 3–0. The deciding Game 7 was played at Maple Leaf Gardens in Toronto
- April 20 – The Manitoba Junior Hockey League's Portage la Prairie Terriers win their only Memorial Cup by defeating the Ontario Hockey Association's Oshawa Generals 3 games to 1. The deciding Game 4 was played at Shea's Amphitheatre in Winnipeg
- December 5 – The Toronto RCAF Hurricanes win their only Grey Cup by defeating the Winnipeg RCAF Bombers 8 to 5 in the 30th Grey Cup played at Varsity Stadium in Toronto
Births
[edit]January to March
[edit]- January 12 - Hilary Weston, businessperson and 26th Lieutenant Governor of Ontario
- January 16 - René Angélil, husband and manager of Céline Dion
- January 19 - John Reynolds, politician
- February 5 - Tim Sale, politician
- February 19 - Norm Sterling, politician
- February 20 - Phil Esposito, ice hockey player
- February 22 - Gerard Jennissen, politician
- March 3 - Menaka Thakka, dancer
April to June
[edit]- April 8 - Harold Gilleshammer, politician
- April 10 - Nick Auf der Maur, journalist and politician (died 1998)
- April 21 - Pierre Lorrain, Canadian lawyer and politician (died 2004)
- April 22 - Sandra Birdsell, novelist and short story writer
- April 26 - Sharon Carstairs, politician and Senator
- May 1 - Becky Barrett, politician
- May 3 - Earl McRae, journalist (Ottawa Sun) (died 2011)
- May 8 - Pierre Morency, Canadian poet and playwright
- May 29 - Larry Mavety, ice hockey player and coach (died 2020)
- June 9 - John Gerretsen, politician
- June 10 - Preston Manning, politician
- June 15 - Ian Greenberg, media businessman (died 2022)
- June 21 - Jeannette Corbiere Lavell, Native rights advocate
- June 25 - Michel Tremblay, novelist and playwright
July to September
[edit]- July 1 - Geneviève Bujold, actress
- July 4 - Len Harapiak, politician
- July 11 - Terry Carisse, singer, guitarist, and songwriter (died 2005)
- July 11 - Nancy Zerg, poet
- July 22 - Anita Neville, politician
- July 24 - Gloria George, Native leader
- August 10 - Jim Downey, politician
- August 18 - Jim Abbott, politician
- August 24 - Gary Filmon, politician and 19th Premier of Manitoba
- August 24 - Tony Hunt, artist
- August 25 - Ivan Koloff, pro wrestler
- August 30 - Rick Salutin, novelist, playwright and critic
- September 4 - George Baker, politician and Senator
- September 13 - Michael Breaugh, politician (died 2019)
- September 13 - Michel Côté, businessman and politician
- September 20 - Gérald Tremblay, businessman and politician, 41st Mayor of Montreal
October to December
[edit]
- October 10 - Roy Miki, poet and scholar
- October 11 - Dianne Brushett, politician
- November 1 - Ralph Klein, politician and 12th Premier of Alberta (died 2013)
- November 19 - Jim Ernst, politician
- November 20 - Raymond Bonin, politician
- December 1 - Charlie Penson, politician
- December 19 - John Godfrey, educator, journalist and politician
- December 21 - Oliver Bowen, engineer
- December 30 - Matt Cohen, writer (died 1999)
Full date unknown
[edit]- Yves Lever, film critic and historian
- Dermot O'Reilly, musician, producer and songwriter (died 2007)
- Jay Roberts, football player, lung cancer (died 2010)
Deaths
[edit]- January 16 - Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, 10th Governor General of Canada (born 1850)
- January 30 - Frederick W. A. G. Haultain, politician and 1st Premier of the Northwest Territories (born 1857)
- February 4 - Louis-Adolphe Paquet, theologian (born 1859)
- March 11 - Raoul Dandurand, politician (born 1861)
- March 15 - Edgar Nelson Rhodes, politician, Minister and Premier of Nova Scotia (born 1877)
- March 21 - J. S. Woodsworth, politician (born 1874)
- April 24 - Lucy Maud Montgomery, author (born 1874)[3]
- May 18 - Herménégilde Boulay, politician (born 1861)
- June 17 - Charles Fitzpatrick, lawyer, politician and 5th Chief Justice of Canada (born 1853)
- October 6 - Ella Cora Hind, journalist and women's rights activist (born 1861)
- December 26 - Frank Dawson Adams, geologist (born 1859)
See also
[edit]Historical documents
[edit]Canadian Press reporter's landing craft "under intense Nazi fire" from boats, planes and infantry at Dieppe[4]
Official study details objectives, heroism and failures of combined commando raid on Dieppe, France[5]
Canadian soldier in Dieppe raid describes prisoner-of-war camp life in Germany[6]
Painting: portrait of Indigenous soldier Lloyd George Moore, Royal Canadian Artillery[7]
"Considerable excitement and tension" - HMCS Oakville rams U-boat while on convoy duty in Caribbean Sea[8]
Pubnico, Nova Scotia children salvage flour, cigarettes and candy bars from torpedoed freighters in harbour[9]
"Blasted from a cosy state room to a cold, icy water" - Survivors' tales of torpedoed Sydney–to–Port-aux-Basques ferry Caribou[10]
Illustration: U.S. Coast Guard rescues Canadian fliers from Greenland ice shelf[11]
To maintain status quo with Vichy France, Allies manoeuvre to get Free French forces off St. Pierre and Miquelon[12]
Minister of Finance says Canadians not working for themselves or their families, but for victory[13]
In U.S. government profile of Allies, Canada noted for contributions like 2 billion pounds of food and "54% of everyone's income"[14]
"Has Canada fully mobilized her material resources [and] man and woman power to wage total war?" - Opposition Leader's 7-point plan[15]
Federal agriculture minister James Gardiner lists supports and goals for producers, and praises farm men, women and children[16]
PM King broadcasts enhanced plan of men's, women's and youth's service to achieve "total effort for total war"[17]
Women's Land Army members work on farms and socialize with Canadian soldiers in Sussex, England[18]
In House of Commons debate, Minister of National Defence J.L. Ralston addresses total war policy and conscription[19]
"The most sacred understanding" - PM King asks voters for release from pledge of no conscription for overseas military service[20]
Canadians vote "yes" in conscription plebiscite by large majorities in 8 provinces, with strong "no" in Quebec[21]
"A systemic policy of annihilation" - Zionist congress of Switzerland reports millions of Jews killed[22]
"Defensive measures of the racial brotherhood" - "Final Solution" should include sterilization of "half-Jews"[23]
Eviction from coastal British Columbia creates many social problems for people of Japanese origin[24]
Letter writer calls places Japanese Canadians are sent "pleasant" and "scenic," and calls canyon with snow slides "the only safe place" to put them[25]
Young interned Japanese Canadians seek pen pals to "sling some ink our way"[26]
Japanese Canadian George Tanaka experiences feeling of freedom in Toronto, along with both sympathy and racism[27]
Canadian diplomat in Washington strongly suspects U.S. government is eavesdropping on his communications[28]
Drills and training part of Manitoba's Air Raid Precaution campaign, though federal government calls it unnecessary[29]
As part of Victory Bonds campaign, Winnipeg stages "If Day" mock German invasion including arrest of premier and mayor[30]
Film: newsreel report on If Day in Winnipeg[31]
"Death and Destruction!" - Victory Bonds promotion page shows Hamilton, Ont. after bomber attack[32]
Hamilton hydro commission prohibits commercial and decorative lighting, and dims street lights to 60%[33]
"Environments created by war foster dangerous inclinations and tendencies" - PM King urges temperance as part of war effort[34]
"Prophet of a new idea" - Journalist Bruce Hutchison's tribute to late CCF leader and co-founder J.S. Woodsworth[35]
"There is work for everyone" - Whitehorse, Yukon transformed by industrial development[36]
Wife of U.S. Army general enjoys settling in Whitehorse (Note: "squaw" and rape mentioned)[37]
Brief film of Alberta oil sands being quarried and refined[38]
After three decades and 1.6 billion feet of lumber cut, Fort Frances, Ont. mill closes with banquet and dance for employees[39]
Future Netherlands queen Juliana's Ottawa maternity suite declared outside Canadian jurisdiction for birth of her third child[40]
References
[edit]- ^ "King George VI | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 4 December 2022.
- ^ Lentz, Harris M. (4 February 2014). Heads of States and Governments Since 1945. Routledge. p. 142. ISBN 978-1-134-26490-2.
- ^ "Montgomery, L. M. (Lucy Maud), 1874-1942". id.loc.gov. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
- ^ Ross Munro, "'I Saw Canadian Heroes Die at Dieppe'" The Vancouver Sun, Vol. LVI, No. 272 (August 20, 1942), pgs. 1, 10. Accessed 10 July 2020
- ^ Gillis Purcell, "First Full Exposition Of Dieppe Raid Given" The Globe and Mail (May 18, 1943). Accessed 11 August 2024
- ^ Leslie Bernicky, "A Day in the Life of a Prisoner of War" Accessed 7 July 2020
- ^ "War Art in Canada | Historical Overview". Art Canada Institute - Institut de l’art canadien. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ Canadian Naval Forces, "Memorandum: To Naval Broadcasting Officer(...); Interview with Lieut. Cully" Accessed 8 July 2020
- ^ "Madelyn Moffat – National Home Front Project". Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ H. Thornhill, "A Sad and Bitter Tale Related by Mr. J. Lundrigan - A Survivor" and "The Tale of Mr. William Strickland" It Happened in October: The Tragic Sinking of the SS Caribou. Accessed 8 July 2020
- ^ "National Archives NextGen Catalog". catalog.archives.gov. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ "Franklin D. Roosevelt, Papers as President: The President's Secretary's File (PSF), 1933-1945 | Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library & Museum". www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu. Retrieved 2024-03-07.
- ^ J.L. Ilsley, "Canada Delivering The Goods - After Agonizing Years" (January 9, 1942 newspaper clipping). Accessed 8 July 2020
- ^ "The thousand million [electronic resource]: brief stories about the United Nations where live, work, and fight one thousand million friends of the United States / prepared by the staff of the Office of War Information". digitalcollections.smu.edu. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ "House of Commons Debates, 19th Parliament, 3rd ... - Canadian Parliamentary Historical Resources". parl.canadiana.ca. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ "Farm Forum: Feeding an entire army" (November 9, 1942), National Farm Radio Forum, Radio, CBC Programs, Archives. Accessed 21 January 2021 https://www.cbc.ca/player/archives/cbc%20programs/radio/national%20farm%20radio%20forum (scroll through "National Farm Radio Forum - 10 videos")
- ^ "William Lyon Mackenzie King". Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ "BBC - WW2 People's War - Tractor Driver Betty - Part 1 (1941-1943)". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ The Extent of Canada's War Effort (February 10, 1942). Accessed 17 May 2022
- ^ William Lyon Mackenzie King, "Address on the national security plebiscite, April 7, 1942" Accessed 9 July 2020
- ^ "WarMuseum.ca - Democracy at War - Conscription - Canada and the War". www.warmuseum.ca. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ "Search results from Military Legal Resources, Available Online". Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ "Search results from Military Legal Resources, Available Online". Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ "Begin Steps on Second Phase of Evacuation; End of Removal Here but People Still Face Many Difficult Issues; Independent Work Basic" The New Canadian, Vol. XXV, No. 90 (October 17, 1942), pg. 1. Accessed 10 December 2019 (See also Japanese foreign affairs office protest against internments in Canada (pgs. 1675–6))
- ^ "The Similkameen Star". open.library.ubc.ca. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ "Image 5 of Granada pioneer (Amache, Colo.), November 7, 1942". Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ "Wartime Toronto and Japanese Canadians" Polyphony (Summer 1984), pgs. 199-200. Accessed 10 July 2020 (See also "Notice to Enemy Alien" giving Vancouver Japanese Canadian four days to leave)
- ^ "16 February 1942: Letter from Wrong to Robertson · "Reasonable Censorship Privileges"?: Eavesdropping on Diplomatic Communications During WWII · Canada Declassified". declassified.library.utoronto.ca. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ "'Guinea Pig' Company To Test A.R.P. Methods" (January 17, 1942) and "Manitoba A.R.P. Area; Work To Start Despite 'Not Necessary' Verdict" (January 23, 1942), The Winnipeg Tribune. Accessed 9 July 2020
- ^ "The Winnipeg Evening Tribune, 1942-02-19 (Page 1) | digitalcollections.lib.umanitoba.ca". digitalcollections.lib.umanitoba.ca. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ "IF DAY IN WINNIPEG". British Pathé. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ "Death and Destruction!; What the Gore Could Look Like After a Dive-Bomber Blitz!" The Hamilton Spectator, Vol. XCVI, No. 31 (March 2, 1942), Second Section. Accessed 9 July 2020
- ^ Mayor Wm. Morrison, "WARNING To All Persons in Hamilton!" (1942). Accessed 8 July 2020
- ^ William Lyon Mackenzie King, "Canada and the War; Temperance and a Total War Effort" (December 16, 1942 broadcast). Accessed 9 July 2020
- ^ "Peel 6487, p. 2". peel.library.ualberta.ca. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ "Alaska Highway - A Yukon Perspective". www.alaskahighwayarchives.ca. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ Archives, University of Saskatchewan. "Northern Research Portal: Search all digitized material - University of Saskatchewan". digital.scaa.sk.ca. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
- ^ British Pathé (2014-04-13). Canada's New Oil Reserves Dublin Issue (1942). Retrieved 2024-09-04 – via YouTube.
- ^ "Shevlin-Clarke Co. Ltd. Ends 32 Years of Lumbering Operations in Fort Frances" Fort Frances Times and Rainy Lake Herald (April 23, 1942). Accessed 9 July 2020
- ^ "Proclamation" The Canada Gazette, Vol. LXXVI, No. 232, Extra (December 26, 1942). Accessed 7 July 2020
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