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Ian Anderson

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This article is about the leader of the band Jethro Tull. For other people, see Ian Anderson (disambiguation).

Ian Anderson
MBE
Anderson performing in 2024
Anderson performing in 2024
Background information
Birth nameIan Scott Anderson
Born (1947-08-10) 10 August 1947 (age 77)
Dunfermline, Scotland
OriginBlackpool, Lancashire, England
Genres
Occupations
  • Singer
  • musician
  • songwriter
  • composer
Instruments
  • Vocals
  • flute
  • guitar
Years active1962–present
Labels
Member ofJethro Tull
Websiteiananderson.com

Ian Scott Anderson MBE (born 10 August 1947) is a British musician best known for his work as the singer, flautist, acoustic guitarist, primary songwriter, and sole continuous member of the rock band Jethro Tull. He is a multi-instrumentalist who also plays harmonica, keyboards, bass guitar, bouzouki, balalaika, saxophone and a variety of whistles.[1] His solo work began with Walk into Light in 1983; since then he has released another five albums, including the sequel to the 1972 Jethro Tull album Thick as a Brick, titled TaaB 2: Whatever Happened to Gerald Bostock? (2012).

Early life

[edit]

Ian Anderson was born in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland, the youngest of three brothers, to an English mother and a Scottish father. Anderson said, "I am a Brit. I'm a Brit. I see myself as a product of that union."[2] His father, James Anderson, ran the RSA Boiler Fluid Company in East Port, Dunfermline.[3] Anderson's family moved to Edinburgh when he was three.[4]

He was influenced by his father's big band and jazz records and the emergence of rock music, but was disenchanted with the "showbiz" style of early American rock and roll stars like Elvis Presley.[5] His tendency towards the organized nature of progressive rock began while singing and listening to church music at school.

Anderson's family moved in 1959 to Blackpool, England, where he was educated at Blackpool Grammar School.[6] In a 2011 interview, Anderson said he was asked to leave grammar school for refusing to submit to corporal punishment (permitted at that time).[7] He studied fine art at Blackpool College of Art from 1964 to 1966 while living in Lytham St Annes.[8]

Career

[edit]

Early career

[edit]

While a teenager, Anderson took a job as a sales assistant at Lewis's department store in Blackpool, then as a vendor on a news stand.[citation needed]

In 1963, Anderson formed The Blades from among school friends: Michael Stephens (guitar), John Evan (keyboards), Jeffrey Hammond (bass) and Barriemore Barlow (drums). This was a soul and blues band, with Anderson on vocals, guitar and harmonica; he had yet to take up the flute. They played their first show at the Holy Family Church Hall in North Shore.[8]

In late 1967, Anderson was still holding down a day job, namely cleaning the Ritz Cinema in Luton, including the toilets, in the mornings, "which took me half the day" he said in a later interview. He took an old, chipped urinal from the cinema storeroom and had it for a time after leaving the job. It was not, however, the urinal which "was bolted to the side of John Evan's Hammond organ on stage" and figured in early 1970s Tull performances.[9]

Anderson performing with Jethro Tull, Maple Leaf Gardens, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 24 March 1977

At this time Anderson abandoned his ambition to play electric guitar, allegedly because he felt he would never be "as good as Eric Clapton". As he himself tells it in the introduction to the video Nothing Is Easy: Live at the Isle of Wight 1970, he traded his electric guitar in for a flute which, after some weeks of practice, he found he could play fairly well in a rock and blues style. According to the sleeve notes for the first Tull album, This Was (1968), he had been playing the flute only a few months when the album was recorded. His guitar practice did not go to waste either, as he continued to play acoustic guitar, using it as a melodic and rhythmic instrument. As his career progressed, he added soprano saxophone, mandolin, keyboards and other instruments to his arsenal.[citation needed]

His tendency to stand on one leg while playing the flute came about by accident, as he had been inclined to stand on one leg while playing the harmonica, holding the microphone stand for balance. Anderson became known for his famous one-legged flute stance, and was once referred to as a "deranged flamingo".[10] This stance is on many album covers of Jethro Tull. During a long stint at the Marquee Club, a journalist described him, wrongly, as standing on one leg to play the flute, when in fact he was originally playing the harmonica on one leg.[11] He decided to live up to the reputation, albeit with some difficulty. His early attempts are visible in The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus (1968) film appearance of Jethro Tull. This was referenced in the facetious liner notes for Thick as a Brick in a quote about "the one-legged pop flautist, Ian Anderson".

Later career

[edit]
Anderson with Jethro Tull at London's Hammersmith Odeon, March 1978

Anderson already wished to start a solo career in 1980, when Jethro Tull was going to take a break after John Glascock's death. He wrote the album A as a solo record, but had JT's Martin Barre participation, and Dave Pegg on bass. Record company pressure forced the record to be released under the Jethro Tull name. His first official solo album was Walk into Light, in 1983, in which Peter-John Vettese played an important role in the electronic direction of the music.

In the 1990s he began working with simple bamboo flutes. He uses techniques such as over-blowing and hole-shading to produce note-slurring and other expressive techniques on this otherwise simple instrument. Anderson said that around this time his daughter began taking flute lessons and noticed his fingering was incorrect, prompting him to relearn his extensive catalog with the right fingering.[12] In 1995, Anderson released his second solo album, Divinities: Twelve Dances with God, an instrumental work composed of twelve flute-heavy pieces pursuing varied themes with an underlying motif. The album was recorded with Jethro Tull keyboard player Andrew Giddings and orchestral musicians. Anderson released two further song-based solo albums, The Secret Language of Birds in 2000 and Rupi's Dance in 2003. In 2003, Anderson recorded a composition called "Griminelli's Lament", in honour of his friend, the Italian flutist Andrea Griminelli [it].

In 2011, with the end of Jethro Tull touring, and the question of his friend Derek Shulman (whatever happened to Gerald Bostock?),[13] Anderson begun to produce a sequel to Thick as a Brick (1972), titled Thick as a Brick 2 or TAAB2, was released on 3 April 2012. It is billed as being performed by Jethro Tull's Ian Anderson instead of being a Jethro Tull album proper. Anderson toured performing both albums in their entirety. A trailer for TAAB2 was posted on YouTube.[14]

Anderson released a new album, Homo Erraticus, in May 2014. He described it as a progressive rock concept album blending rock, folk, and metal music.[15] Peaking at No. 14 in the UK Albums Chart it is his most successful ever solo album.

In September 2017, Anderson announced plans for a tour to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of This Was, and a new studio album in 2019. The band line-up includes Anderson, Hammond, John O'Hara, David Goodier (all musicians of Anderson's solo band since 2012),[16][17] and, since 2019, Joe Parrish,[18][19] with Barre and Florian Opahle absent from the lineup.[20]

On 2 January 2018, Ian Anderson published a New Year post on jethrotull.com, including a picture of Anderson with the caption "IA in the studio working on a new album for release March 2019. Shhhh; keep it a secret..."[21]

On 1 June 2018, Parlophone Records released a new (50-track) career collection celebrating the Jethro Tull's 50th anniversary featuring all 21 Tull albums, named 50 for 50. In the notes of the 50 for 50 booklet it stated that the new album scheduled for 2019 (and later pushed back to 2020, then 2022) would be a solo record by Ian Anderson and not a new album by Jethro Tull.[22]

However, that turned out not to be true; the band released The Zealot Gene, the first Jethro Tull studio album in 19 years (and the first with all new, original material in 23 years), on 28 January 2022.[23] Music website Ultimate Classic Rock said the album "uses the Christian Bible as a loose springboard into a set of intricate prog and intimate folk."

Anderson said, "All the songs on the album derive initially from one-word extreme emotions. I wanted to write an album of songs, each about a high level of emotion. I wrote a list of some good stuff: love, compassion, loyalty, tenderness – and bad stuff like rage, vengeance, greed. I wrote a list of maybe 12 different words. I looked at the list and thought, “Those are all words I remember reading in the Bible.” So I did an Internet search of the Bible for various reference incorporating those words and emotions. I copied and pasted some verses of text from the Old and New Testament and put them in a document as a constant reference point so I could take those as they appear in the Bible and use them very liberally translated into the modern real-life world today.[24]

Recognition

[edit]
Anderson at the 2004 Cropredy Festival

In 1973, Anderson appeared, along with several other artists, on the cover of Time, for an article about new directions in early 1970s music.[25]

In recognition of his lifelong contribution to popular music, Anderson received two honours in 2006: the Ivor Novello Award for International Achievement and an honorary Doctorate of Literature at Heriot-Watt University, on 11 July 2006.[26]

Anderson was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2008 New Year Honours for services to music.[27]

He was awarded an Honorary Doctorate (Doctor of Letters) from Abertay University in July 2011.[28]

At the 2013 Progressive Music Awards, Anderson was presented with the "Prog God" award.[29]

Musical collaborations and other work

[edit]

Anderson produced Steeleye Span's 1974 album Now We Are Six, as well as appearing on and producing Steeleye Span member Maddy Prior's first solo album Woman in the Wings (1978), for which Jethro Tull made most instrumental contributions.

Ian Anderson plays the Orchestral Jethro Tull – in Butzbach (Germany) 6 June 2007.

Anderson appeared as a guest on the song "All Along You Knew" from The Big Prize (1985), the second album by Canadian rock band Honeymoon Suite. This followed Jethro Tull's 1984 tour, on which Honeymoon Suite was one of the opening acts. Also in 1984, Anderson, along with Martin Barre, Dave Pegg and Peter-John Vettese recorded album A Classic Case with the London Symphony Orchestra, performing a selection of music from Jethro Tull. He was also a DJ on radio station Planet Rock, presenting his own two-hour show Under the Influence. He also appeared on stage with Joe Bonamassa playing Jethro Tull song "A New Day Yesterday" at the Hammersmith Apollo in May 2010.

Anderson plays flute on the Men Without Hats song "On Tuesday" from their album Pop Goes the World (1987), and on the Blackmore's Night song "Play, Minstrel, Play" from their debut album Shadow of the Moon (1997).

Anderson plays flute on the 1998 Roy Harper album The Dream Society. Anderson has acknowledged Harper as having a strong influence upon him.[30]

Anderson performing 2016 at the Blacksheep Festival in Germany

Anderson performs as a special guest on two Uriah Heep live albums: Acoustically Driven (2001) and Electrically Driven (2001), on both performing the same two songs of Uriah Heep repertoire: "Circus" and "Blind Eye".

Anderson plays flute on the track "Portmeirion" on Fairport Convention's 2001 album XXXV. Anderson has performed with Fairport Convention at their annual Cropredy Festival on several occasions since the mid-1980s, when their bass player Dave Pegg was also a member of Jethro Tull.

Anderson played flute and sang lead vocals on a version of "The Thin Ice" for the 2005 album Back Against the Wall, an all-star tribute album covering Pink Floyd's The Wall in its entirety.

In April 2011, Anderson performed a flute duet with astronaut Cady Coleman, during her mission aboard the International Space Station, in honour of the 50th anniversary of the first crewed spaceflight by Yuri Gagarin.[31]

Anderson played the flute on the track "Cannonball" by The Darkness on their 2012 album, Hot Cakes. He played the flute on the track "Cry to the World" by Renaissance on their 2013 album, Grandine il vento. He also played the flute on "The Ocean at the End", the title track from The Tea Party's 2014 album.

Anderson plays flute in Zagreb, Croatia, on 13 October 2018

Anderson contributed flute on the song "Black Cherry Pie", the third single from JEFF the Brotherhood's 2015 album, Wasted on the Dream.[32]

On 24 March 2017 the studio album Jethro Tull – The String Quartets by Anderson was released, featuring the Carducci String Quartet, conducted by John O'Hara.

The official video for Marc Almond's song 'Lord of Misrule', taken from his 2020 album Chaos and a Dancing Star was released on YouTube on 29 November 2019, featuring Ian Anderson playing flute throughout.[33]

Family and personal life

[edit]

Anderson is the youngest of three brothers. The oldest of the three, Robin, became administrator of Scottish Ballet in 1973.[3]

From 1970 to 1974, Anderson was married to Jennie Franks, a photographer who is credited with some of the lyrics to the first couple of verses of the song "Aqualung".[34]

Anderson married Shona Learoyd in 1976, described by Rolling Stone magazine as a "beautiful convent-educated daughter of a wealthy wool manufacturer".[35] She had studied ballet for 10 years, though when Anderson met her she was working as a press officer at Jethro Tull's then-record label, Chrysalis Records. She later became involved with the band's on-stage special effects.

The couple have lived in a 16th-century redbrick farmhouse on the 500-acre (2.0 km2) Pophleys Estate in Radnage, England, in Kilmarie House on their Strathaird Estate on the Isle of Skye in Scotland, as well as a short time in Montreux, Switzerland. They currently live in Wiltshire, England, and have another house in Switzerland, near Montreux. They have two children: James Duncan Anderson, also a musician; and Gael, who works in the film industry and is married to actor Andrew Lincoln, star of the US TV drama series The Walking Dead.[36]

Anderson is a survivor of deep vein thrombosis, and has done several public service announcements to raise awareness of the disease.[37]

Anderson lists his interests as protecting wild cats, especially those that have been rescued from harsh captivity; cameras, chiefly Leicas; and Indian cuisine.[38] Anderson says he is highly concerned about climate change. He has encouraged people to calculate their carbon emissions and offset them. He has planted many thousands of oak trees in England to offset his emissions. In addition to offsets, he advocates for reducing carbon output through a variety of means including alternative energy, shared transit and reducing consumption.[39]

In 2007, over a year before Tesla had produced even one small model (the Roadster) and 21 months before Elon Musk became CEO of Tesla,[40] Anderson foresaw the huge market opportunity of EVs, writing: “The traditional Detroit auto industry, so long in the doldrums and lagging behind Asia, can rebuild, retool and reinvent the personal transport of tomorrow if it chooses the right way now. The resources are there. The workforce is there. The management is there. All it takes is the realisation that combating climate change is not some form of Federal Government-imposed industrial and economic punishment but the chance to stimulate the national and world economies with new thought and direction.”

He also expressed hope that the U.S. would lead the world in fighting climate change: “My hope and belief is that when the great American public get motivated and demand of their political leaders the opportunity to make the necessary personal and industrial changes, that America will show the way to the rest of the world.”

Anderson has described his religious beliefs as being "somewhere between deist and pantheist".[39] He described himself as "a rather spiritual person who is proud to have grown up and been morally educated in a country historically Christian in terms of predominant national faith." In 2007, he said any fans who think he is irreligious or atheist are mistaken, and wondered if he should explain his religious views more in the future.

In 2015, he did exactly that saying: "I support the Church, especially of the Anglican flavour, but I don’t really call myself a Christian. I have huge appreciation for the inclusiveness of modern Christianity and the role it can play in defining and providing for the spiritual needs of the individual. .... the lessons, the narrative, and the morality of the biblical Jesus story are a valuable user-manual for the correct functioning of the Christian, even the human, experience. And you don’t get left with the extra, unused IKEA screws and bolts, wondering if the whole thing will fall apart. Everything fits. Everything resolves."[41]

In 2017, he elaborated that "I believe in the historical Jesus, Jesus of Nazareth and not Jesus “the Christ” in the sense that a Christian has to have that undying belief that Christ truly is both the Son of God and the Son of Man.... I think the Bible is a very useful document, I seek reference from the Bible quite often and on a number of occasions I have included elements of biblical stories in songs. .... I play in churches regularly in support of great medieval churches and cathedrals, I’m a big supporter of Christianity and the physicality of the church, but I don’t call myself a Christian. However that doesn’t seem to cause a problem with the more liberal-thinking Christians that I work with."[42]

In 2022, he described his deism: "Jesus Christ, Jesus the Messiah, I have a little problem with. Jesus of Nazareth, the historical character — I feel pretty convinced that he did exist and largely did most of what is attributed to his mid-life in the Bible. That bit I thoroughly appreciate, and it stands very firmly as an uplifting reference point for life. I’m certainly not an atheist, but I suppose my beliefs life somewhere [around] deism — belief in a single entity, a god, but not a god you can identify or make a picture of or personify in human terms, something that looks like a nice old man with a big, flowing white hair and beard.[24]

Anderson opposes "prejudice, xenophobia and hard right conservatism", while also criticising "wokeness", calling it a "trendy and overworked" viewpoint that "can all-too-easily stifle the process of the direct exchange of views".[43]

During a video interview for The Big Interview with Dan Rather in May 2020, Anderson said he was suffering from the incurable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) after being diagnosed a number of years previously. He went on to state his belief that a likely cause of this condition has been the use of on-stage smoke machines in live performances throughout his long career. Anderson continued medication to treat the condition, avoided areas of high pollution to prevent exacerbation of the disease, and practised breathing exercises to keep his lungs fit, stating that COPD had otherwise not yet affected his day-to-day routine.[44]

Other business activities

[edit]

Anderson has owned several salmon farms in the UK and Chile. His Strathaird concern,[45] based on his estate on the Isle of Skye, operated until the late 1990s, when parts of it were sold off.[46]

Anderson is a director of four companies: Jethro Tull Production Limited, Calliandra Productions Limited, Ian Anderson Limited, and the Ian Anderson Group of Companies Limited.[47]

Solo discography

[edit]

Studio albums

[edit]
Year Name Label Peak chart position
US UK[48] GER
1983 Walk into Light Chrysalis/EMI Records 202 78
1995 Divinities: Twelve Dances with God Angel/EMI Records
2000 The Secret Language of Birds Fuel 2000/Varèse Sarabande/Universal Records 26
2003 Rupi's Dance RandM Records 40
2012 Thick as a Brick 2[49] Chrysalis/EMI Records 55 35 13
2014 Homo Erraticus[50] Kscope 111 14 13

Live albums

[edit]
Year Name Label Peak chart position
US UK[48] GER
2005 Ian Anderson Plays the Orchestral Jethro Tull ZYX Music 68 (CD)
3 (DVD)
2014 Thick as a Brick – Live in Iceland Eagle Rock 22

Collaboration

[edit]

As guest

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Ian Anderson - instruments". JethroTull.com. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
  2. ^ "Scots flautist Ian Anderson on successful career as leader of Jethro Tull". Daily Record. 8 May 2014. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
  3. ^ a b "The Entertainers – Brothers score stage success". Tullpress.com. 19 October 1979. Archived from the original on 11 March 2012. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
  4. ^ "Word Podcast 279 – Ian Anderson celebrates the 50th anniversary of Jethro Tull". Wordpodcast.co.uk. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
  5. ^ "Ian Anderson (2 of 11) – The Formative Years". 9 January 2008. Archived from the original on 17 November 2021. Retrieved 2 January 2012 – via YouTube.
  6. ^ Nollen, Scott Allen. Jethro Tull: A History of the Band, 1968–2001, p. 23. McFarland, 2001. ISBN 0-7864-1101-5
  7. ^ "Ian Anderson on Studio 4 with Host Fanny Kiefer Part 1 of 2". 21 June 2011. Archived from the original on 17 November 2021. Retrieved 2 January 2012 – via YouTube.
  8. ^ a b "Chance to share your Jethro Tull memories". Blackpoolgazette.co.uk. 29 October 2014. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
  9. ^ Wiser, Carl, "Ian Anderson of Jethro Tull" (interview), Songfacts, n.d. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
  10. ^ Hume, Paul, and Richard Harrington. "Performing Arts: Philadelphia Orchestra Jethro Tull". The Washington Post 22 November 1997: B6. WP Company LLC D/b/a The Washington Post. Web. 5 October 2014.
  11. ^ "Interview With Jethro Tull's Ian Anderson (CLCI Webzine 17 March 2018)". Archived from the original on 17 November 2021. Retrieved 20 March 2018 – via YouTube.
  12. ^ "Jethro Tull Flutist Reforms Technique". 12 November 1993. Retrieved 1 April 2019.
  13. ^ "Jethro Tull's Ian Anderson On Thick As A Brick 2, The Grammys And More - American Songwriter". American Songwriter. 2 February 2012.
  14. ^ "Official TAAB 2 trailer". YouTube.com. 31 January 2012. Archived from the original on 17 November 2021.
  15. ^ "Homo Erraticus". Jethrotull.com. Archived from the original on 22 November 2021. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
  16. ^ "Musicians". Jethrotull.com. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
  17. ^ "Jethro Tull Tickets". Gigantic.com. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
  18. ^ "Albion (UK) – Pryderi". Backgroundmagazine.nl. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
  19. ^ Jethro Tull [@jethrotull] (1 November 2019). "We welcome Joe Parrish, a new member to the ranks of the great guitarists!" (Tweet). Retrieved 5 July 2022 – via Twitter.
  20. ^ "Florian Opahle leaving Jethro Tull at the end of 2019". Jethrotull.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2021. Sad to have to say that "young" Florian Opahle is leaving us at the end of 2019 after 15 great years of recording, touring and travelling the world.
  21. ^ "Happy new year from Ian Anderson". Archived from the original on 11 April 2018. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
  22. ^ "Interview: Jethro Tull". Archived from the original on 5 November 2019. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
  23. ^ "Pre-order the New Jethro Tull album "The Zealot Gene"" (Press release). Jethro Tull. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  24. ^ a b Reed, Ryan (19 January 2022). "Ian Anderson Wrestles With New Jethro Tull LP's Biblical Themes". Ultimate Classic Rock. Retrieved 9 September 2024.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  25. ^ "TIME Magazine Cover: Pop Records – Feb. 12, 1973". Time. Retrieved 6 September 2020.
  26. ^ "Annual Review 2006 : People, Honours and Awards". 1.hw.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 13 April 2016. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  27. ^ "No. 58557". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 December 2007. p. 13.
  28. ^ "Abertay University graduation to celebrate student successes" (Press release). University of Abertay Dundee. 7 July 2011. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  29. ^ "Prog Awards 2013 – The Winners!". Prog Rock Magazine. 3 September 2013. Archived from the original on 5 September 2013. Retrieved 4 September 2013.
  30. ^ "Roy Harper Ian Anderson's primary musical influence". Classicrockmagazine.com. Archived from the original on 17 September 2012. Retrieved 21 February 2013.
  31. ^ "Space flutes salute Yuri Gagarin". Theregister.co.uk. 12 April 2011.
  32. ^ "JEFF The Brotherhood – "Black Cherry Pie" (Feat. Ian Anderson)". Stereogum. 18 February 2015.
  33. ^ "Marc Almond teams up with Ian Anderson for new single". Outinperth.com. 15 December 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
  34. ^ Who is Jennie Anderson, the person credited on the Aqualung album as the author of the title track? Archived 22 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Jethro Tull FAQ. Retrieved 26 October 2012.
  35. ^ "Rock's heaviest breather is Ian Anderson". Tullpress.com. 21 March 1977. Archived from the original on 18 July 2007. Retrieved 22 April 2007.
  36. ^ "Ian Anderson". Jethrotull.com. Retrieved 27 June 2014.
  37. ^ Ian Anderson (3 February 2001). "Confessions of a DVT victim and ten steps for survival". Jethrotull.com. Retrieved 20 June 2011.
  38. ^ Ian Anderson. "Indian Food Guide". Jethrotull.com. Retrieved 22 April 2007.
  39. ^ a b "Ian Anderson's Diary – January 2007". Iananderson.com. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 22 April 2007.
  40. ^ Reed, Eric (30 April 2024). "History of Tesla & its stock: Timeline, facts & milestones". TheStreet. Retrieved 9 September 2024.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  41. ^ MacMath, Terence Handley (2 October 2015). "Interview: Ian Anderson, musician". Church Times. Archived from the original on 18 September 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
  42. ^ "Interview with Ian Anderson from Jethro Tull: the philosopher of prog rock". Indeflagration. 23 March 2017. Archived from the original on 6 December 2023. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
  43. ^ "Veteran musician Ian Anderson comments on right-wing populism with Jethro Tull's The Zealot Gene". World Socialist Web Site. 15 February 2022.
  44. ^ Murphy, J. Kim (13 May 2020). "Ian Anderson, Jethro Tull Frontman, Reveals He Has 'Incurable Lung Disease'". Variety. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  45. ^ "Strathaird Salmon Ltd". Macrae.co.uk. Archived from the original on 11 October 2004. Retrieved 22 April 2007.
  46. ^ Anstead, Mark (28 August 2009). "Fame & Fortune: Jethro Tull's Ian Anderson". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  47. ^ "Ian Scott Anderson". Companies House. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  48. ^ a b Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 23. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
  49. ^ "Thick As a Brick 2: Whatever Happened to Gerald Bostock". Jtull.com. Archived from the original on 1 May 2013. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
  50. ^ "Homo Erraticus – The New Studio Album from Jethro Tull's Ian Anderson". Jethrotull.com. 23 November 2013. Retrieved 23 November 2013.
  51. ^ "Jethro Tull - The String Quartets". Jethrotull.com. 5 December 2016. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
  52. ^ "The Six & Violence | The Jethro Tull Forum". Jethrotull.proboards.com. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  53. ^ "Ian Anderson featured on Unnur Birna's 'Sunshine' - Jethro Tull". Jethrotull.com. 4 November 2013. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
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