Jump to content

Metallica (album)

Checked
Page protected with pending changes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Metallica/Metallica)

Metallica
Black image with a 1:1 aspect ratio and a grey outline of a snake (bottom right)
Studio album by
Metallica
ReleasedAugust 12, 1991 (1991-08-12)
RecordedOctober 6, 1990 – June 16, 1991
StudioOne on One, Los Angeles
GenreHeavy metal
Length62:40
LabelElektra
Producer
Metallica chronology
The Good, the Bad & the Live
(1990) 		Metallica
(1991) 		Load
(1996)
Metallica studio album chronology
...And Justice for All
(1988) 		Metallica
(1991) 		Load
(1996)
Singles from Metallica
  1. "Enter Sandman"
    Released: July 29, 1991[1]
  2. "The Unforgiven"
    Released: October 28, 1991[2]
  3. "Nothing Else Matters"
    Released: April 20, 1992[3]
  4. "Wherever I May Roam"
    Released: October 19, 1992[4]
  5. "Sad but True"
    Released: February 8, 1993[5]

Metallica (commonly known as the Black Album) is the fifth studio album by American heavy metal band Metallica. It was released on August 12, 1991, by Elektra Records. Recording sessions took place at One on One Recording Studios in Los Angeles over an eight-month span that frequently found Metallica at odds with their new producer Bob Rock. The album marked a change in the band's music from the thrash metal style of their previous four albums to a slower, heavier, and more refined sound.

Metallica promoted Metallica with a series of tours. They also released five singles to promote the album: "Enter Sandman", "The Unforgiven", "Nothing Else Matters", "Wherever I May Roam", and "Sad but True", all of which have been considered to be among the band's best-known songs. The song "Don't Tread on Me" was also issued to rock radio shortly after the album's release but did not receive a commercial single release.

Metallica received widespread critical acclaim and became the band's best-selling album. It debuted at number one in ten countries and spent four consecutive weeks at the top of the Billboard 200, making it Metallica's first album to top the album charts. With over 30 million copies sold worldwide,[6] Metallica is one of the best-selling albums worldwide, and also one of the best-selling albums in the United States since Nielsen SoundScan tracking began. The album was certified 16× platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 2012, and has sold over sixteen million copies in the United States, being the first album in the SoundScan era to do so.

The band played Metallica in reverse order during the 2012 European Black Album Tour. In 2020, the album was ranked number 235 on Rolling Stone's "The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time" list.[7] In December 2019, Metallica became the fourth release in American history to enter the 550-week milestone on the Billboard 200. It also became the second-longest charting traditional title in history only behind The Dark Side of the Moon (1973) by Pink Floyd, and the second to spend 550 weeks on the album charts.[8]

Background and recording

[edit]

At the time of Metallica's recording, the band's songs were written mainly by frontman James Hetfield and drummer Lars Ulrich, with Hetfield being the lyricist.[9] The duo frequently composed together at Ulrich's house in Berkeley, California. Several song ideas and concepts were conceived by other members of the band, lead guitarist Kirk Hammett and bassist Jason Newsted.[10] For instance, Newsted wrote the main riff of "My Friend of Misery", which was originally intended to be an instrumental, one of which had been included on every previous Metallica album.[11] The songs were written in two months in mid-1990; the ideas for some of them were originated during the Damaged Justice Tour.[12] Metallica was impressed with Bob Rock's production work on Mötley Crüe's Dr. Feelgood (1989) and decided to hire him to work on their album.[13][14] Initially, the band members were not interested in having Rock producing the album as well, but changed their minds. Ulrich said, "We felt that we still had our best record in us and Bob Rock could help us make it".[14]

Four demos for the album were recorded on August 13, 1990; "Enter Sandman", "The Unforgiven", "Nothing Else Matters" and "Wherever I May Roam". The lead single "Enter Sandman" was the first song to be written and the last to receive lyrics.[10] On October 4, 1990, a demo of "Sad but True" was recorded. In October 1990, Metallica began recording at One on One Recording Studios in Los Angeles, California, to record the album, and also at Little Mountain Sound Studios in Vancouver, British Columbia, for about a week.[13] On June 2, 1991, a demo of "Holier than Thou" was recorded. Hetfield stated about the recording: "What we really wanted was a live feel. In the past, Lars and I constructed the rhythm parts without Kirk and Jason. This time I wanted to try playing as a band unit in the studio. It lightens things up and you get more of a vibe."[15]

Because it was Rock's first time producing a Metallica album, he had the band make the album in different ways; he asked them to record songs collaboratively rather than individually in separate locations.[13] He also suggested recording tracks live and using harmonic vocals for Hetfield.[16] Rock was expecting the production to be "easy" but had trouble working with the band, leading to frequent, engaged arguments with the band members over aspects of the album.[13] Rock wanted Hetfield to write better lyrics and found his experience recording with Metallica disappointing: the recording experience was so stressful that Rock briefly swore never to work with the band again.[13][17][18] The tension between band and producer was documented in A Year and a Half in the Life of Metallica and Classic Albums: Metallica – Metallica.[9][10]

Since the band was perfectionist,[11][18] Rock insisted they record as many takes as needed to get the sound they wanted.[9] The album was remixed three times and cost US$1 million.[19] The troubled production coincided with Ulrich, Hammett, and Newsted divorcing their wives; Hammett said this influenced their playing because they were "trying to take those feeling of guilt and failure and channel them into the music, to get something positive out of it".[20]

Composition and lyrics

[edit]
"Enter Sandman"
The main riff in "Enter Sandman" can be heard in the beginning followed by the verse and the pre-chorus. The whole song evolved from the main riff, written by guitarist Kirk Hammett.[10]
"The Unforgiven"
"The Unforgiven" is rumored to contain a sample from "The Showdown", from the Sergio Leone film For a Few Dollars More. The lyrics deal with the struggle of an individual against the efforts of those who would oppose him.[21]
Problems playing these files? See media help.

The album was a change in Metallica's direction from the thrash metal style of the band's previous four studio albums towards a more commercial, heavy metal sound, but still had characteristics of thrash metal.[9][17][22] The band took a simpler approach partly because the members felt the songs on ...And Justice for All were too long and complex. Hetfield said that radio airplay was not their intention, but because they felt "we had pretty much done the longer song format to death," and considered a good change doing songs with just two riffs and "only taking two minutes to get the point across".[15] Ulrich added that the band was feeling a musical insecurity — "We felt inadequate as musicians and as songwriters. That made us go too far, around Master of Puppets and Justice, in the direction of trying to prove ourselves. 'We'll do all this weird-ass shit sideways to prove that we are capable musicians and songwriters'" – and Hetfield added he wanted to avoid getting stale: "Sitting there and worrying about whether people are going to like the album, therefore we have to write a certain kind of song — you just end up writing for someone else. Everyone's different. If everyone was the same, it would be boring as shit."[12]

Instruments not usually used by heavy metal bands, such as the cellos in "The Unforgiven" and the orchestra in "Nothing Else Matters", were added at Rock's insistence.[12] Rock also raised the volume of the bass guitar, which had been nearly inaudible on the previous album ...And Justice for All.[16] Newsted said he tried to "create a real rhythm section rather than a one-dimensional sound" with his bass.[15] Newsted credited Rock with helping him find a sound that would work without killing the bass drum or messing with the lower end of the guitar, which Newsted claimed had always been a real big problem with him.[23] Ulrich said he tried to avoid the "progressive Peartian paradiddles which became boring to play live" in his drumming and used a basic sound similar to those of the Rolling Stones' Charlie Watts and AC/DC's Phil Rudd.[16]

The lyrics of Metallica written by James Hetfield were more personal and introspective in nature than those of previous Metallica albums; Rock said Hetfield's songwriting became more confident, and that he was inspired by Bob Dylan, Bob Marley, and John Lennon.[17] According to Chris True of AllMusic, "Enter Sandman" is about "nightmares and all that come with them".[24] "The God That Failed" dealt with the death of Hetfield's mother from cancer and her Christian Science beliefs, which kept her from seeking medical treatment. "Nothing Else Matters" was a love song Hetfield wrote about missing his girlfriend while on tour.[25][failed verification] Hetfield said the album's lyrical themes were more introspective because he wanted "lyrics that the band could stand behind – but we are four completely different individuals. So the only way to go was in."[26]

Packaging

[edit]

Metallica had many discussions about the album title; the members considered calling it Five or using the title of one of the songs, but eventually chose an eponym because they "wanted to keep it simple."[15] The album's cover depicts the band's logo angled against the upper left corner and a coiled snake derived from the Gadsden flag in the bottom right corner. For the initial release, both emblems were embossed so they could barely be seen against the black background, giving Metallica the nickname "The Black Album". These emblems also appear on the back cover of the album. For later and current releases, both emblems are dark gray so they stand out more prominently. The motto of the Gadsden flag, "Don't Tread on Me", is also the title of a song on the album. A folded, pageless booklet depicts the faces of the band's members against a black background. The lyrics and liner notes are also printed on a grey background.[9]

The cover is reminiscent of Spinal Tap's album Smell the Glove, which the band jokingly acknowledged in its documentary A Year and a Half in the Life of Metallica. Members of Spinal Tap appeared on the film and asked Metallica about it, with Lars Ulrich commenting that British rock group Status Quo was the original inspiration as that band's Hello! album cover was also black.[9]

Marketing and sales

[edit]

You think one day some fucker's gonna tell you, 'You have a number one record in America,' and the whole world will ejaculate. I stood there in my hotel room, and there was this fax that said, 'You're number one.' And it was, like, 'Well, okay.' It was just another fucking fax from the office.

—Lars Ulrich, on Metallica's first number one album[12]

"Enter Sandman" was released as Metallica's lead single on July 29, 1991; it reached number 16 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart and was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).[27][28] The follow-up single, "Don't Tread on Me", was released promotionally but did not chart.[28] The subsequent single, "The Unforgiven", was a Top 40 hit; it peaked in the Top 10 in Australia.[29]

Metallica was released on August 12, 1991,[30] and was the band's first album to debut at number one on the Billboard 200, selling 598,000 copies in its first week. It was certified platinum in two weeks and spent four consecutive weeks atop the Billboard 200.[31][32] Meanwhile, more singles were released to further success. "Nothing Else Matters" reached number six in the United Kingdom and Ireland,[33][34] and "Wherever I May Roam" peaked at number two on the Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks singles chart,[28] although the 1993 single "Sad but True" charted only for one week on the Billboard Hot 100 at 98.[28] Almost all singles were accompanied by music videos; the Wayne Isham-directed "Enter Sandman" promotional film won an MTV Video Music Award for Best Rock Video at the 1992 MTV Video Music Awards.[35]

Internationally, Metallica was also a success. It debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart[36] and was certified 2× platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) for selling 600,000 copies in the UK.[37] Metallica topped the charts in Australia,[38] Canada,[39] Germany,[40] New Zealand,[41] Norway,[42] the Netherlands,[43] Sweden,[44] and Switzerland.[45] It also reached the top five in Austria,[46] Finland,[47] and Japan,[48] as well as the top 10 in Spain.[49] The album failed to reach the top 20 in Ireland, having peaked at number 27.[50] The Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) certified the album 12× platinum.[51] It received diamond plaques from the Canadian Recording Industry Association (CRIA)[52] and the Recorded Music NZ (RMNZ)[53] for shipping a million and 150,000 copies, respectively.

Logging over 488 weeks on the US Billboard 200, Metallica proved the third-longest charting album in the Nielsen SoundScan era, behind Pink Floyd's The Dark Side of the Moon and Carole King's Tapestry.[54] In 2009, it surpassed Shania Twain's Come On Over as the best-selling album of the SoundScan era. It became the first album in the SoundScan era to pass 16 million in sales,[55] and with 16.4 million copies sold by 2016, Metallica is the best-selling album in the United States since Nielsen SoundScan tracking began in 1991. Of that sum, 5.8 million were purchased on cassette. The album never sold fewer than 1,000 copies in a week, and moved a weekly average of 5,000 copies in 2016.[56] Metallica was certified 16× platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in 2012 for shipping sixteen million copies in the US.[55] Metallica sold 31 million copies worldwide on physical media.[57] All five of Metallica's singles, "Enter Sandman", "The Unforgiven", "Nothing Else Matters", "Wherever I May Roam" and "Sad but True" charted on the Billboard Hot 100.[56]

Touring

[edit]
Metallica performing live "Of Wolf and Man" at O2 Arena, London in 2008

In 1991, for the fourth time, Metallica played as part of the Monsters of Rock festival tour. The last concert of the tour was held on September 28, 1991, at Tushino Airfield in Moscow; it was described as "the first free outdoor Western rock concert in Soviet history" and was attended by an estimated 150,000 to 500,000 people.[58][59] Some unofficial estimates put the attendance as high as 1,600,000.[60] The first tour directly intended to support the album, the Wherever We May Roam Tour, included a performance at the Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert, at which Metallica performed a short set list, consisting of "Enter Sandman", "Sad but True", and "Nothing Else Matters", along with Hetfield performed the Queen song "Stone Cold Crazy" with John Deacon, Brian May, and Roger Taylor of Queen and Tony Iommi of Black Sabbath. At one of the tour's first gigs the floor of the stage collapsed.[61] The January 13 and 14, 1992, shows in San Diego were later released in the box set Live Shit: Binge & Purge,[62] while the tour and the album were documented in the documentary A Year and a Half in the Life of Metallica.[63]

Metallica's Wherever We May Roam Tour also overlapped with Guns N' Roses' Use Your Illusion Tour. Hetfield suffered second and third degree burns to his arms, face, hands, and legs on August 8, 1992, during a Montreal show in the co-headlining Guns N' Roses/Metallica Stadium Tour. The tour included pyrotechnics, which were installed on-stage. Hetfield accidentally walked into a 12-foot (3.7 m) flame shot from a pyrotechnic during a live performance of the introduction of "Fade to Black".[62] The show was cut short shortly after this accident, so that Guns N' Roses began their concert to malicious reactions from fans. Newsted said Hetfield's skin was "bubbling like on The Toxic Avenger".[63] The tour recommenced on August 25 in Phoenix, and although Hetfield could sing, he could not play guitar for the remainder of the tour. Guitar technician John Marshall, who had previously filled in on rhythm guitar and was then playing in Metal Church, played guitar for the recovering Hetfield.[63] Brazilian musician Andreas Kisser from Sepultura was initially considered to join the tour, but Marshall ultimately was chosen.[64]

The shows in Mexico City across February and March 1993 during the Nowhere Else to Roam tour were recorded, filmed and later also released as part of the band's first box set,[62][63] which was released in November 1993 and titled Live Shit: Binge & Purge. The collection contained three live CDs, three home videos, and a book filled with riders and letters.[65] Pressings of the box set since November 2002 includes two DVDs, the first one being filmed at San Diego on the Wherever We May Roam Tour, and the latter at Seattle on the Damaged Justice Tour.[63] Binge & Purge was packaged as a cardboard box resembling that of a typical tour equipment transport box. The box set also featured a recreated copy of an access pass to the "Snakepit" part of the tour stage, as well as a cardboard drawing/airbrush stencil for the "Scary Guy" logo.[61] The Mexico City shows were also the first time the band met future member Robert Trujillo, who was in Suicidal Tendencies at the time.[66]

The final tour supporting the album, the Shit Hits the Sheds Tour, included a performance at Woodstock '94 that followed Nine Inch Nails and preceded Aerosmith on August 13 in front of a crowd of 350,000.[67][68] Some songs, such as "Enter Sandman", "Nothing Else Matters", and "Sad but True", became permanent staples of Metallica's concert setlists during these and subsequent tours. Other songs though, such as "Holier than Thou", "The God That Failed", "Through the Never", and "The Unforgiven" were no longer included in performances after 1995 and would not be played again until the 2000s, when Metallica began performing a more extensive back catalog of songs with Robert Trujillo on bass after he joined the band upon completion of the album St. Anger.[69]

After touring duties for the album were finished, Metallica filed a lawsuit against Elektra Records, which tried to force the record label to terminate the band's contract and give the band ownership of their master recordings. The band based its claim on a section of the California Labor Code that allows employees to be released from a personal services contract after seven years. Metallica had sold 40 million copies worldwide upon the filing of the suit. Metallica had been signed to the label for over a decade but was still operating under the terms of its original 1984 contract, which provided a relatively low 14% royalty rate.[70] The band members said they were taking the action because they were ambivalent about Robert Morgado's refusal to give them another record deal along with Bob Krasnow, who retired from his job at the label shortly afterwards. Elektra responded by counter-suing the band, but in December 1994, Warner Music Group United States chairman Doug Morris offered Metallica a lucrative new deal in exchange for dropping the suit,[71] which was reported to be even more generous than the earlier Krasnow deal. In January 1995, both parties settled out of court with a non-disclosure agreement.[72] Metallica played the album in its entirety during the 2012 European Black Album Tour.[73]

Critical reception and legacy

[edit]
Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[74]
Chicago Tribune[75]
Encyclopedia of Popular Music[76]
Entertainment WeeklyB+[77]
Los Angeles Times[78]
MusicHound Rock[79]
Pitchfork7.7/10[80]
Q[81]
Rolling Stone[25]
Select[82]

Metallica was met with widespread acclaim from both heavy metal journalists and mainstream publications, including NME, The New York Times, and The Village Voice.[83] In Entertainment Weekly, David Browne called it "rock's preeminent speed-metal cyclone", and said, "Metallica may have invented a new genre: progressive thrash".[77] Q magazine's Mark Cooper said he found the album's avoidance of metal's typically clumsy metaphors and glossy production refreshing; he said, "Metallica manage to rekindle the kind of intensity that fired the likes of Black Sabbath before metal fell in love with its own cliches".[81] Select magazine's David Cavanagh believed the album lacks artifice and is "disarmingly genuine".[82] In his review for Spin, Alec Foege found the music's harmonies vividly performed and said that Metallica showcase their "newfound versatility" on songs such as "The Unforgiven" and "Holier than Thou".[84] Robert Palmer, writing in Rolling Stone, said that several songs sound like "hard-rock classics" and that, apart from "Don't Tread on Me", Metallica is an "exemplary album of mature but still kickass rock & roll".[25] In his guide to Metallica's albums up to that point, Greg Kot of the Chicago Tribune recommended the album as "a great place for Metallica neophytes to start, with its more concise songs and explosive production."[75]

Some reviewers had reservations. Jonathan Gold, in the Los Angeles Times, said that while Metallica had embraced pop sensibilities "quite well", there was a sense the group was "no longer in love with the possibilities of its sound" on an album whose difficulty being embraced by the "metal cult" mirrored Bob Dylan going electric in the mid-1960s.[78] More critical was Robert Christgau, who wrote in his "Consumer Guide" for The Village Voice that he "put James Hetfield out of his misery in under five plays" of the album and that he "found life getting shorter with every song".[85] In his 2000 collection Christgau's Consumer Guide, Christgau later graded Metallica a "dud", indicating "a bad record whose details rarely merit further thought".[86]

Retrospective appraisals have been positive. In a retrospective article, Kerrang! said Metallica is the album that "propelled [the band] out of the metal ghetto to true mainstream global rock superstardom".[87] Melody Maker said that as a deliberate departure from the band's thrash style on ...And Justice for All, "Metallica was slower, less complicated, and probably twice as heavy as anything they'd done before".[87] In his review for BBC Music, Sid Smith said that although staunch listeners of the band accused them of selling out, Metallica confidently departed from the style of their previous albums and transitioned "from cult metal gods to bona fide rock stars".[88] Classic Rock called it "the absolute pinnacle of Metallica's long and successful career", and credited the album for inspiring 1990s post-grunge music and convincing the music industry to embrace heavy metal as a genre with mass appeal.[89] Author and philosopher Thomas Walker wrote in 2020, "Its success at encapsulating...[individualist] ideas in musical form and bringing them to a global audience is truly unique."[90] AllMusic's Steve Huey believed the massive popularity of Metallica inspired other speed metal bands to also embrace a simpler, less progressive sound. He deemed it "a good, but not quite great, album, one whose best moments deservedly captured the heavy metal crown, but whose approach also foreshadowed a creative decline [for Metallica.]"[74]

Speaking in The Independent, Metallica biographer Paul Stenning explained that Metallica created "a sound that had not really been heard in metal before, especially by a thrash band."[91]

Iron Maiden vocalist Bruce Dickinson said that Metallica should be given huge credit for "grabbing the opportunity when it came up, taking the risk and deservedly reaping the enormous rewards", and that their achievement with the album cannot be underestimated. He also shared his thoughts on it as well, "It's one of those seminal albums that just gets it right. It's extremely well-produced, and every note on that album is totally under control. I admire how they did it, and what they did with the songs, and it was very effective: it undoubtedly did help push metal into the mainstream."[92]

To celebrate the 30th anniversary of Metallica, a 53-track covers album titled The Metallica Blacklist was released on September 10, 2021. The album features covers of songs from Metallica from over 50 artists in various styles. All profits from the album are donated to the band's All Within My Hands Foundation as well as charities of each contributing artist's choice.[93][94]

Accolades

[edit]

Metallica was voted the eighth best album of 1991 in the Pazz & Jop, an annual poll of American critics nationwide, published by The Village Voice.[95] Melody Maker ranked it number 16 in the magazine's December 1991 list of the year's best albums.[87] In 1992, the album won a Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance.[96] In 2000, it was voted number 88 in Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums.[97] In 2012, Rolling Stone ranked Metallica number 255 on "The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time",[98] and then number 235 in a 2020 revised edition of the list.[7] It was also ranked 25th on the magazine's "100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time" (2017).[99] Spin ranked it number 52 in on the "90 Greatest Albums of the '90s" (1999), with its entry reading: "this record's diamond-tipped tuneage stripped the band's melancholy guitar excess down to melodic, radio-ready bullets and ballads".[87] Metallica featured in Q magazine's August 2000 list of the "Best Metal Albums of All Time"; the magazine said the album "transformed them from cult metal heroes into global superstars, bringing a little refinement to their undoubted power".[87] In 1999, eight years after the album's release, Metallica won a Billboard Music Award for Catalog Album of the Year.[100]

Track listing

[edit]

All lyrics are written by James Hetfield; all music is composed by Hetfield and Lars Ulrich except where noted.

No.TitleMusicLength
1."Enter Sandman"
5:31
2."Sad but True" 5:24
3."Holier than Thou" 3:47
4."The Unforgiven"
  • Hetfield
  • Ulrich
  • Hammett
6:27
5."Wherever I May Roam" 6:44
6."Don't Tread on Me" 4:00
7."Through the Never"
  • Hetfield
  • Ulrich
  • Hammett
4:04
8."Nothing Else Matters" 6:28
9."Of Wolf and Man"
  • Hetfield
  • Ulrich
  • Hammett
4:16
10."The God That Failed" 5:08
11."My Friend of Misery"
6:49
12."The Struggle Within" 3:53
Total length:62:31
Japanese edition bonus track[101]
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
13."So What" (Anti-Nowhere League cover)
  • Chris Exall
  • Clive Blake
  • Nick Culmer
  • Djahanshah Aghssa
3:08
  • On the vinyl record releases, Tracks 1–3 were on Side A, Tracks 4–6 were on Side B, Tracks 7–9 were on Side C, and tracks 10–12 were on Side D.

Reissues

[edit]

Metallica has been reissued several times, including in 2008,[102] in 2010,[103] and in 2014.[104] To mark its 30th anniversary, a remastered edition was released on September 10, 2021. The album was remastered by Bob Ludwig at Gateway Mastering, with all content overseen by executive producer Greg Fidelman. A limited edition box set was released, which includes the remastered album on a 180-gram double LP and a CD, as well as three live LPs, 14 CDs and six DVDs featuring unreleased content, and various other physical merchandise.[105][106]

Personnel

[edit]

Credits are adapted from the album's liner notes.[107][101][108]

Metallica

Additional musicians

  • Michael Kamen – orchestral arrangement on "Nothing Else Matters"

Production

Charts

[edit]

Certifications and sales

[edit]
Certifications and sales for Metallica
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Argentina (CAPIF)[200] 5× Platinum 300,000^
Australia (ARIA)[51] 13× Platinum 910,000‡
Austria (IFPI Austria)[201] 2× Platinum 100,000*
Belgium (BEA)[202] 2× Platinum 100,000*
Canada (Music Canada)[203] Diamond 1,000,000^
Denmark (IFPI Danmark)[204] 8× Platinum 160,000‡
Finland (Musiikkituottajat)[205] 2× Platinum 118,956[205]
France (SNEP)[206] Platinum 300,000*
Germany (BVMI)[207] 4× Platinum 2,000,000‡
Italy (FIMI)[208]
sales since 2009 		2× Platinum 100,000*
Japan (RIAJ)[209] Platinum 200,000^
Mexico (AMPROFON)[211] Gold 75,000^ / 210,000[210]
Netherlands (NVPI)[212] 2× Platinum 200,000^
New Zealand (RMNZ)[53] 10× Platinum 150,000^
Norway (IFPI Norway)[213] 3× Platinum 150,000*
Poland (ZPAV)[214] Platinum 20,000‡
Sweden (GLF)[215] Platinum 100,000^
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[216] 3× Platinum 150,000^
Turkey — 300,000[217]
United Kingdom (BPI)[218] 3× Platinum 900,000‡
United States (RIAA)[220] 16× Platinum 17,300,000[219]
Summaries
Worldwide — 30,000,000[6]

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Enter Sandman". Metallica.com. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  2. ^ "The Unforgiven". Metallica.com. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  3. ^ "Nothing Else Matters". Metallica.com. Archived from the original on March 28, 2016. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  4. ^ "Wherever I May Roam". Metallica.com. Archived from the original on November 20, 2017. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  5. ^ "Sad but True". Metallica.com. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  6. ^ a b Vaziri, Aidin (October 10, 2012). "Kirk Hammett: Some kind of monster fan". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on November 17, 2012. Retrieved August 11, 2023. The group's eponymous fifth album, known to fans as The Black Album, meanwhile, sold 30 million copies worldwide.
  7. ^ a b "The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time". Rolling Stone. September 22, 2020. Archived from the original on February 16, 2021. Retrieved May 31, 2021.
  8. ^ McIntyre, Hugh. "Metallica Makes History With Their Self-Titled Album". Forbes. Archived from the original on October 29, 2020. Retrieved December 9, 2019.
  9. ^ a b c d e f Adam Dubin, Metallica (James Hetfield, Lars Ulrich, Kirk Hammett, Jason Newsted), Bob Rock, Spinal Tap (1992). A Year and a Half in the Life of Metallica : Part 1 (VHS). Elektra Entertainment.
  10. ^ a b c d Lars Ulrich (2001). Classic Albums: Metallica – Metallica (DVD). Eagle Rock Entertainment.
  11. ^ a b Jason Newsted (2001). Classic Albums: Metallica – Metallica (DVD). Eagle Rock Entertainment.
  12. ^ a b c d Fricke, David (November 14, 1991). "Metallica: From Metal to Main Street". Rolling Stone. No. 617. Archived from the original on March 21, 2009.
  13. ^ a b c d e Bob Rock (2001). Classic Albums: Metallica – Metallica (DVD). Eagle Rock Entertainment.
  14. ^ a b Rosen, Craig. The Billboard Book of Number One Albums. Billboard Books, 1996 ISBN 0-8230-7586-9
  15. ^ a b c d Bienstock, Richard (December 2008). "Metallica: Talkin' Thrash". Guitar World. Archived from the original on June 25, 2016. Retrieved December 11, 2018.
  16. ^ a b c Mack, Bob (October 1991). "Precious Metal". Spin. 7 (7).
  17. ^ a b c Hodgson, Peter (August 2, 2011). "Metallica Producer: 'Black Album' 'Wasn't Fun'". Gibson Guitar Company. Archived from the original on February 1, 2013. Retrieved August 2, 2011.
  18. ^ a b James Hetfield (2001). Classic Albums: Metallica – Metallica (DVD). Eagle Rock Entertainment.
  19. ^ "Metallica timeline February 1990 – August 13, 1991". MTV. Archived from the original on October 25, 2011. Retrieved August 3, 2011.
  20. ^ Tannenbaum, Rob (April 2001). "Playboy Interview: Metallica". Playboy. Archived from the original on October 26, 2009. Lars, Jason and I were going through divorces. I was an emotional wreck. I was trying to take those feeling of guilt and failure and channel them into the music, to get something positive out of it.
  21. ^ True, Chris. "Metallica: The Unforgiven". AllMusic. Archived from the original on January 14, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2013.
  22. ^ Harrison, Thomas (2011). Music of the 1980s. p. 60. ISBN 9780313366000.
  23. ^ Featherstone, Falth (November 14, 1991). "Metallica". The Charlatan. Retrieved September 4, 2021.
  24. ^ True, Chris. "Enter Sandman Song Review". AllMusic. Archived from the original on June 28, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2007.
  25. ^ a b c Palmer, Robert (August 12, 1991). "Metallica Album Review". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on May 6, 2016. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
  26. ^ Tannenbaum, Rob (April 2001). "Playboy Interview: Metallica". Playboy. Archived from the original on October 26, 2009.
  27. ^ "RIAA Gold and Platinum Searchable Database". RIAA. Archived from the original on June 26, 2007. Retrieved September 1, 2007.
  28. ^ a b c d "Metallica — Artist Chart History". Billboard. Archived from the original on November 19, 2021. Retrieved April 8, 2007.
  29. ^ "Australia Top 50 Singles". Archived from the original on September 22, 2011. Retrieved February 26, 2010.
  30. ^ "Metallica". Metallica.com. Archived from the original on October 7, 2016. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  31. ^ Garcia, Guy D. (October 14, 1991). "Heavy Metal Goes Platinum". Time. Archived from the original on September 21, 2016. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  32. ^ Epstein, Dan (August 12, 2016). "Metallica's Black Album: 10 Things You Didn't Know". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on September 6, 2016. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  33. ^ "Metallica – Nothing Else Matters". Official Charts Company. September 27, 2008. Archived from the original on October 21, 2020. Retrieved November 13, 2010.
  34. ^ Jaclyn Ward. "The Irish Charts – All there is to know". Irishcharts.ie. Archived from the original on March 26, 2022. Retrieved July 15, 2011.
  35. ^ "Metallica — Timeline – 1992". Metallica. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved August 28, 2007.
  36. ^ "Metallica UK Chart History". Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on July 23, 2016. Retrieved June 7, 2013.
  37. ^ "British Phonographic Industry statistics". British Phonographic Industry. Archived from the original on March 8, 2008. Retrieved April 6, 2008.
  38. ^ "Australian charts portal". Australian charts. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved August 2, 2011.
  39. ^ "Metallica Top Albums/CDs positions". RPM. Archived from the original on June 1, 2016. Retrieved August 2, 2011.
  40. ^ "Chartverfolgung Metallica Longplay" (in German). Musicline. Archived from the original on March 8, 2016. Retrieved August 2, 2011.
  41. ^ "Metallica New Zealand Charting". Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved August 2, 2011.
  42. ^ "Discography Metallica" (in Norwegian). Norwegian charts. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved August 2, 2011.
  43. ^ "Discography Metallica" (in Dutch). Dutch charts. Archived from the original on March 10, 2016. Retrieved August 2, 2011.
  44. ^ "Discography Metallica" (in Swedish). Swedish charts. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved August 2, 2011.
  45. ^ "Discography Metallica" (in German). Hit parade. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved August 2, 2011.
  46. ^ "Discography Metallica" (in German). Austrian charts. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved April 8, 2011.
  47. ^ "Discography Metallica" (in Finnish). Finnish charts. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved April 8, 2011.
  48. ^ a b "Oricon Chart Database". Oricon. Archived from the original on May 3, 2012. Retrieved April 8, 2011.
  49. ^ "Hits of the World – Spain". Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. June 20, 1992. p. 48. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved October 5, 2020.
  50. ^ Hung, Steffen (August 17, 2008). "Metallica discography". irishcharts.com. Archived from the original on October 5, 2011. Retrieved March 8, 2011.
  51. ^ a b "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2021 Albums" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association.
  52. ^ "Canadian certifications – Metallica – Metallica". Music Canada.
  53. ^ a b "Latest Gold / Platinum Albums". Radioscope. July 17, 2011. Archived from the original on July 24, 2011.
  54. ^ Wiederhorn, Jon (August 12, 2016). "25 Years Ago: Metallica Release The Black Album". Loudwire. Archived from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  55. ^ a b Caulfield, Keith (May 28, 2014). "Metallica's 'Black Album' Hits 16 Million in Sales". Billboard. Archived from the original on September 13, 2016. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  56. ^ a b Christa Titus, Keith Caulfield (August 12, 2016). "7 Fast Chart Facts About Metallica's 'Black Album,' 25 Years Later". Billboard. Archived from the original on September 10, 2016. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  57. ^ Perry, Andrew (September 19, 2013). "Metallica interview: 'We can drive this train into a wall if we want'". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022. Retrieved January 27, 2014.
  58. ^ Schmidt, William E. (September 29, 1991). "Heavy-Metal Groups Shake Moscow". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved January 15, 2010.
  59. ^ "Monsters of Rock hit Moscow". The Eugene Register-Guard. Eugene, Oregon. Associated Press. September 29, 1991. p. 5A. Retrieved January 17, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  60. ^ Fitzmaurice, Larry (January 26, 2009). "Sneak Peek: 'Guitar Hero: Metallica". Spin. Archived from the original on June 13, 2015. Retrieved January 29, 2010.
  61. ^ a b "Snakepit tour". 1999. Archived from the original on October 6, 2011. Retrieved May 8, 2011.
  62. ^ a b c Metallica (James Hetfield, Lars Ulrich, Kirk Hammett, Jason Newsted) (1992). A Year and a Half in the Life of Metallica : Part 2 (VHS). Elektra Entertainment.
  63. ^ a b c d e "Metallica timeline August 9, 1992 – November 23, 1993". MTV. Archived from the original on May 2, 2013. Retrieved December 1, 2007.
  64. ^ "Sepultura's Andreas Kisser: How I Almost Landed Metallica Guitarist Gig". December 11, 2013. Archived from the original on January 12, 2018. Retrieved January 11, 2018.
  65. ^ Huey, Steve (November 23, 1993). "Live Shit: Binge & Purge". AllMusic. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved June 8, 2011.
  66. ^ "Metallica Is A Full Unit Again!!". Metallica.com. February 23, 2003. Archived from the original on June 9, 2008. Retrieved January 24, 2009.
  67. ^ "Metallica – Woodstock 1994 – 13 August 1994". Woodstock.com. Retrieved August 17, 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  68. ^ DeChillo, Suzanne (October 29, 1994). "Woodstock '94 Site Is Clean and Green". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 15, 2014. Retrieved January 17, 2010.
  69. ^ Metallica (January 21, 2004). Some Kind of Monster (Documentary). California: Universal Studios.
  70. ^ "Heavy Metal Band Sues Record Label". The New York Times. September 28, 1994. Archived from the original on December 15, 2014. Retrieved June 8, 2011.
  71. ^ Wechsler, Pat; Friedman, Roger D. (December 19–26, 1994). "Heavy Metal Gets the Heavy Bucks". New York. Vol. 27, no. 50. p. 26.
  72. ^ "Metallica Settles Lawsuit with its Record Label". San Francisco Chronicle. January 6, 1995. Archived from the original on August 11, 2011. Retrieved June 8, 2011.
  73. ^ "Metallica To Headline Download 2012! | News | Rock Sound". Rocksound.tv. Archived from the original on December 14, 2011. Retrieved February 20, 2012.
  74. ^ a b Huey, Steve. "Metallica: Metallica". AllMusic. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved December 5, 2007.
  75. ^ a b Kot, Greg (December 1, 1991). "A Guide to Metallica's Recordings". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on September 27, 2013. Retrieved July 28, 2013.
  76. ^ Larkin, Colin (2006). Encyclopedia of Popular Music. Vol. 5 (4th ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 725. ISBN 0-19-531373-9.
  77. ^ a b Browne, David (August 16, 1991). "Metallica Review". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on January 22, 2013. Retrieved May 26, 2012.
  78. ^ a b Gold, Jonathan (August 11, 1991). "Advisory to Metallica Fans: It's a Pop Band Now". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on August 6, 2016. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
  79. ^ Graff, Gary, ed. (1996). "Metallica". MusicHound Rock: The Essential Album Guide. Detroit: Visible Ink Press. ISBN 0787610372.
  80. ^ Camp, Zoe. "Metallica: Metallica Album Review". pitchfork.com. Archived from the original on July 9, 2017. Retrieved July 9, 2017.
  81. ^ a b Q, October 1991
  82. ^ a b Select, September 1991
  83. ^ Wall, Mick (May 10, 2011). Enter Night: A Biography of Metallica. Macmillan. p. 334. ISBN 978-1429987035. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved January 28, 2014.
  84. ^ Foege, Alec (September 1991). "Spins". Spin. New York: 98–99. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved July 28, 2013.
  85. ^ "Robert Christgau: Pazz & Jop 1991: Reality Used to be a Friend of Ours". Archived from the original on June 16, 2020. Retrieved April 25, 2018.
  86. ^ Christgau, Robert (2000). Christgau's Consumer Guide: Albums of the '90s. Macmillan. pp. xvi, 205. ISBN 0312245602. Archived from the original on September 16, 2024. Retrieved July 28, 2013.
  87. ^ a b c d e "Metallica LP". CD Universe. Muze. Archived from the original on November 7, 2015. Retrieved July 28, 2013.
  88. ^ Smith, Sid (2007). "Metallica: Metallica (The Black Album)". BBC Music. Archived from the original on September 29, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2014.
  89. ^ "Metallica (Black Album) by Metallica". Classic Rock. August 22, 2011. Archived from the original on February 23, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2014.
  90. ^ Walker, Thomas (Summer 2020). "The Earth Becomes My Throne': Individualism in Metallica's Black Album". The Objective Standard. 15 (2). Glen Allen Press: 28–32.
  91. ^ "All that matters: How Metallica's Black Album changed metal forever". Independent.co.uk. September 10, 2021. Archived from the original on May 12, 2022.
  92. ^ Edwards, Briony (August 16, 2021). "Bruce Dickinson: None of us had the balls to step up – but Metallica did". Louder Sound. Archived from the original on August 16, 2021. Retrieved August 16, 2021.
  93. ^ Strauss, Matthew (June 22, 2021). "Metallica Covers Album to Feature Phoebe Bridgers, Moses Sumney, St. Vincent, Mac DeMarco, and More". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved June 22, 2021.
  94. ^ "The Metallica Blacklist. Coming to Digital September 10th, Vinyl & CD on October 1st | Metallica.com". www.metallica.com. Archived from the original on June 29, 2021. Retrieved September 10, 2021.
  95. ^ "The 1991 Pazz & Jop Critics Poll". The Village Voice. New York. March 3, 1992. Archived from the original on July 3, 2011. Retrieved July 28, 2013.
  96. ^ "Past Winners Search". National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on August 1, 2013. Retrieved May 2, 2012.
  97. ^ Colin Larkin (2000). All Time Top 1000 Albums (3rd ed.). Virgin Books. p. 71. ISBN 0-7535-0493-6.
  98. ^ "500 Greatest Albums of All Time". Rolling Stone. New York. December 11, 2003.
  99. ^ Spanos, Brittany (June 21, 2017). "100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time". Rolling Stone. Wenner Media LLC. Archived from the original on August 10, 2017. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
  100. ^ "Backstreet Boys, Britney Spears Rake in Billboard Awards". MTV. Archived from the original on November 25, 2018. Retrieved June 6, 2018.
  101. ^ a b Metallica. "Metallica". metallica.com. Archived from the original on May 15, 2020. Retrieved June 22, 2021.
  102. ^ "Metallica – Metallica". Amazon.com. Archived from the original on March 14, 2016. Retrieved June 22, 2021. 'The Black Album' is now be reissued as a Deluxe Vinyl edition (4LP) in honor of the 25th anniversary of 'Kill em All', Metallica's debut album.
  103. ^ Laney, Karen (November 6, 2011). "Metallica's Black Album On White Vinyl Gets the Green". Ultimate Classic Rock. Archived from the original on June 28, 2021. Retrieved June 22, 2021.
  104. ^ "Metallica – Black Album". Captain Stomp Records. Archived from the original on April 18, 2021. Retrieved June 22, 2021.
  105. ^ "Metallica (The Black Album) Remastered – Deluxe Box Set | Metallica.com". www.metallica.com. Archived from the original on June 25, 2021. Retrieved September 10, 2021.
  106. ^ Blistein, Jon (June 22, 2021). "Metallica Plot 30th-Anniversary 'Black Album' Reissue With Massive Box Set, Covers Compilation". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on July 2, 2021. Retrieved June 22, 2021.
  107. ^ Metallica (liner notes). Metallica. Vertigo Records. 1991. 510 022-2.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  108. ^ Metallica (liner notes). Metallica. Blackened Recordings. 2021. 00602577471063.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  109. ^ "Australiancharts.com – Metallica – Metallica". Hung Medien. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  110. ^ "Austriancharts.at – Metallica – Metallica" (in German). Hung Medien. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
  111. ^ "Ultratop.be – Metallica – Metallica" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved November 19, 2021.
  112. ^ "Ultratop.be – Metallica – Metallica" (in French). Hung Medien. Retrieved November 19, 2021.
  113. ^ "Metallica Chart History (Canadian Albums)". Billboard. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  114. ^ "Czech Albums – Top 100". ČNS IFPI. Note: On the chart page, select 37.Týden 2021 on the field besides the words "CZ – ALBUMS – TOP 100" to retrieve the correct chart. Retrieved September 20, 2021.
  115. ^ "Danishcharts.dk – Metallica – Metallica". Hung Medien. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  116. ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Metallica – Metallica" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved November 19, 2021.
  117. ^ "Eurochart Top 100 Albums – September 7, 1991" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 8, no. 36. September 7, 1991. p. 26. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 16, 2020. Retrieved November 18, 2021.
  118. ^ Pennanen, Timo (2006). Sisältää hitin – levyt ja esittäjät Suomen musiikkilistoilla vuodesta 1972 (in Finnish) (1st ed.). Helsinki: Kustannusosakeyhtiö Otava. ISBN 978-951-1-21053-5.
  119. ^ "Lescharts.com – Metallica – Metallica". Hung Medien. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  120. ^ "Longplay-Chartverfolgung at Musicline" (in German). Musicline.de. Phononet GmbH. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  121. ^ "Album Top 40 slágerlista – 1991. 40. hét" (in Hungarian). MAHASZ. Retrieved November 24, 2021.
  122. ^ "Top National Sellers: Ireland" (PDF). Music & Media. September 14, 1991. p. 42. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
  123. ^ "Top National Sellers: Italy" (PDF). Music & Media. September 14, 1991. p. 42. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 29, 2020. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
  124. ^ "Mexicancharts.com – Metallica – Metallica". Hung Medien. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  125. ^ "Charts.nz – Metallica – Metallica". Hung Medien. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  126. ^ "Norwegiancharts.com – Metallica – Metallica". Hung Medien. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  127. ^ "Oficjalna lista sprzedaży :: OLiS - Official Retail Sales Chart". OLiS. Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry. Retrieved September 23, 2021.
  128. ^ "Portuguesecharts.com – Metallica – Metallica". Hung Medien. Retrieved September 27, 2021.
  129. ^ "Official Scottish Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved November 1, 2021.
  130. ^ "Spanishcharts.com – Metallica – Metallica". Hung Medien. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
  131. ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Metallica – Metallica". Hung Medien. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  132. ^ "Swisscharts.com – Metallica – Metallica". Hung Medien. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  133. ^ "Official Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  134. ^ "Metallica Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  135. ^ "Metallica Chart History (Top Rock Albums)". Billboard. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
  136. ^ "ARIA Top 100 Albums for 1991". Australian Recording Industry Association. Archived from the original on March 7, 2019. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  137. ^ "Jahreshitparade Alben 1991". austriancharts.at. Archived from the original on December 31, 2020. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  138. ^ "RPM 100 Albums (CDs & Cassettes) of 1991". RPM. Vol. 55, no. 3. December 21, 1991. p. 14. Archived from the original on April 8, 2014. Retrieved January 31, 2021.
  139. ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Album 1991". dutchcharts.nl. Archived from the original on December 31, 2020. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  140. ^ "European Top 100 Albums – 1991" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 8, no. 51/52. December 21, 1991. p. 24. OCLC 29800226. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 1, 2022. Retrieved November 18, 2021 – via World Radio History.
  141. ^ "Top 100 Album-Jahrescharts". GfK Entertainment (in German). offiziellecharts.de. Archived from the original on May 9, 2015. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  142. ^ "Top Selling Albums of 1991". RIANZ. Archived from the original on February 10, 2015. Retrieved November 16, 2021.
  143. ^ "Year-End top-selling albums across all genres, ranked by sales data as compiled by Nielsen SoundScan". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 6, 2013. Retrieved August 3, 2015.
  144. ^ "ARIA Top 100 Albums for 1992". Australian Recording Industry Association. Archived from the original on March 13, 2021. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  145. ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Album 1992". dutchcharts.nl. Archived from the original on November 10, 2020. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  146. ^ "1992 Year-End Sales Charts – Eurochart Top 100 Albums" (PDF). Music & Media. Vol. 9, no. 51/52. December 19, 1992. p. 17. OCLC 29800226. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved November 18, 2021 – via World Radio History.
  147. ^ "Top 100 Album-Jahrescharts". GfK Entertainment (in German). offiziellecharts.de. Archived from the original on January 6, 2016. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  148. ^ "Top Selling Albums of 1992". Recorded Music NZ. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved November 16, 2021.
  149. ^ "Year-End top-selling albums across all genres, ranked by sales data as compiled by Nielsen SoundScan". Billboard. Archived from the original on July 13, 2013. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  150. ^ "ARIA Top 100 Albums for 1993". Australian Recording Industry Association. Archived from the original on July 21, 2008. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  151. ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Album 1993". dutchcharts.nl. Archived from the original on February 24, 2021. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  152. ^ "Year-End top-selling albums across all genres, ranked by sales data as compiled by Nielsen SoundScan". Billboard. Archived from the original on February 15, 2016. Retrieved August 3, 2015.
  153. ^ "The ARIA Australian Top 100 Singles 1994". Australian Record Industry Association Ltd. Archived from the original on October 25, 2015. Retrieved May 19, 2022.
  154. ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Album 1994". dutchcharts.nl. Archived from the original on January 4, 2021. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  155. ^ "Year-End top-selling albums across all genres, ranked by sales data as compiled by Nielsen SoundScan". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 4, 2013. Retrieved August 3, 2015.
  156. ^ "Year-End top-selling albums across all genres, ranked by sales data as compiled by Nielsen SoundScan". Billboard. Archived from the original on January 6, 2017. Retrieved August 3, 2015.
  157. ^ "Year-End top-selling albums across all genres, ranked by sales data as compiled by Nielsen SoundScan". Billboard. Archived from the original on January 7, 2017. Retrieved August 3, 2015.
  158. ^ "Canada's Top 200 Albums of 2000". Jam!. Archived from the original on September 6, 2004. Retrieved March 29, 2022.
  159. ^ "Top 100 Metal Albums of 2002". Jam!. Archived from the original on August 12, 2004. Retrieved March 23, 2022.
  160. ^ "Årslista Album – År 2004" (in Swedish). Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  161. ^ "Årslista Album – År 2014" (in Swedish). Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on October 4, 2020. Retrieved February 16, 2022.
  162. ^ "Årslista Album – År 2015" (in Swedish). Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on June 3, 2020. Retrieved February 16, 2022.
  163. ^ "Årslista Album – År 2016" (in Swedish). Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on December 14, 2019. Retrieved February 16, 2022.
  164. ^ "Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 2016". Billboard. Archived from the original on July 2, 2017. Retrieved January 14, 2017.
  165. ^ "Årslista Album – År 2017" (in Swedish). Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on January 16, 2018. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
  166. ^ "Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 2017". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 24, 2017. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
  167. ^ "Top Rock Albums – Year-End 2017". Billboard. Archived from the original on February 14, 2018. Retrieved February 10, 2021.
  168. ^ "Tónlistinn – Plötur – 2018" (in Icelandic). Plötutíóindi. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
  169. ^ "Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 2018". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 4, 2018. Retrieved December 5, 2018.
  170. ^ "Top Rock Albums – Year-End 2018". Billboard. Archived from the original on October 7, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2021.
  171. ^ "Jaaroverzichten 2019". Ultratop. Archived from the original on February 22, 2020. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  172. ^ "Rapports Annuels 2019". Ultratop. Archived from the original on February 22, 2020. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  173. ^ "Tónlistinn – Plötur – 2019" (in Icelandic). Plötutíóindi. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021. Retrieved April 1, 2022.
  174. ^ "Årslista Album, 2019". Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on March 22, 2020. Retrieved January 14, 2020.
  175. ^ "Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 2019". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 5, 2019. Retrieved February 10, 2021.
  176. ^ "Top Rock Albums – Year-End 2019". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 6, 2019. Retrieved February 10, 2021.
  177. ^ "Jaaroverzichten 2020". Ultratop. Archived from the original on December 22, 2020. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
  178. ^ "Årslista Album, 2020". Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved January 20, 2021.
  179. ^ "Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 2020". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 7, 2020. Retrieved December 5, 2020.
  180. ^ "Top Rock Albums – Year-End 2020". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 4, 2020. Retrieved February 10, 2021.
  181. ^ "Ö3-Austria Top40 Longplay-Jahrescharts 2021". Ö3 Austria Top 40. November 8, 2019. Archived from the original on January 1, 2022. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
  182. ^ "Jaaroverzichten 2021". Ultratop. Archived from the original on January 4, 2022. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
  183. ^ "Rapports annuels 2021". Ultratop. Archived from the original on January 4, 2022. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
  184. ^ "Top 100 Album-Jahrescharts 2021" (in German). GfK Entertainment charts. Archived from the original on December 21, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2022.
  185. ^ "Összesített album- és válogatáslemez-lista – eladási darabszám alapján – 2021" (in Hungarian). Mahasz. Archived from the original on February 1, 2022. Retrieved February 1, 2022.
  186. ^ "Årslista Album, 2021". Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on January 15, 2022. Retrieved January 14, 2022.
  187. ^ "Schweizer Jahreshitparade 2021". hitparade.ch (in German). Archived from the original on December 26, 2021. Retrieved December 26, 2021.
  188. ^ "Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 2021". Billboard. Archived from the original on May 10, 2022. Retrieved December 3, 2021.
  189. ^ "Top Rock Albums – Year-End 2021". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 3, 2021. Retrieved December 3, 2021.
  190. ^ "Jaaroverzichten 2022" (in Dutch). Ultratop. Archived from the original on January 13, 2023. Retrieved January 14, 2023.
  191. ^ "Årslista Album, 2022" (in Swedish). Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on February 2, 2023. Retrieved January 15, 2023.
  192. ^ "Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 2022". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
  193. ^ "Top Rock Albums – Year-End 2022". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
  194. ^ "Jaaroverzichten 2023" (in Dutch). Ultratop. Archived from the original on January 7, 2024. Retrieved January 7, 2024.
  195. ^ "Jaaroverzichten – Album 2023". dutchcharts.nl (in Dutch). Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 3, 2024.
  196. ^ "Årslista Album, 2023". Sverigetopplistan. Archived from the original on January 18, 2024. Retrieved January 18, 2024.
  197. ^ "Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 2023". Billboard. Archived from the original on November 21, 2023. Retrieved November 23, 2023.
  198. ^ "Top Rock Albums – Year-End 2023". Billboard. Archived from the original on December 4, 2023. Retrieved November 23, 2023.
  199. ^ Mayfield, Geoff (December 25, 1999). "1999 The Year in Music Totally '90s: Diary of a Decade – The listing of Top Pop Albums of the '90s & Hot 100 Singles of the '90s". Billboard. p. 20. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
  200. ^ "Discos de oro y platino" (in Spanish). Cámara Argentina de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas. Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved September 16, 2013.
  201. ^ "Austrian album certifications – Metallica – Metallica" (in German). IFPI Austria.
  202. ^ "Ultratop − Goud en Platina – albums 2008". Ultratop. Hung Medien. Retrieved May 26, 2021.
  203. ^ "Canadian album certifications – Metallica – Metallica". Music Canada.
  204. ^ "Danish album certifications – Metallica – Metallica". IFPI Danmark. Retrieved January 3, 2023.
  205. ^ a b "Metallica" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland. Retrieved November 29, 2013.
  206. ^ "French album certifications – Metallica – Metallica" (in French). InfoDisc. Select METALLICA and click OK. 
  207. ^ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Metallica; 'Metallica')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie. Retrieved May 25, 2019.
  208. ^ "Italian album certifications – Metallica – Metallica" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved December 12, 2022.
  209. ^ "Japanese album certifications – メタリカ – メタリカ" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Select 1993年9月 on the drop-down menu
  210. ^ "The Gringos Are Coming!". Billboard. Vol. 106, no. 48. November 26, 1994. p. 73. Archived from the original on August 4, 2021. Retrieved January 25, 2014.
  211. ^ "Certificaciones" (in Spanish). Asociación Mexicana de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas. Retrieved October 4, 2019. Type Metallica in the box under the ARTISTA column heading and Metallica in the box under the TÍTULO column heading.
  212. ^ "Dutch album certifications – Metallica – Metallica" (in Dutch). Nederlandse Vereniging van Producenten en Importeurs van beeld- en geluidsdragers. Enter Metallica in the "Artiest of titel" box.
  213. ^ "Norwegian album certifications – Metallica – Metallica" (in Norwegian). IFPI Norway. Retrieved April 13, 2020.
  214. ^ "Wyróżnienia – Platynowe płyty CD - Archiwum - Przyznane w 2019 roku" (in Polish). Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry. August 7, 2019. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
  215. ^ "Guld- och Platinacertifikat − År 1987−1998" (PDF) (in Swedish). IFPI Sweden. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 17, 2011. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
  216. ^ "The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community: Awards ('Metallica')". IFPI Switzerland. Hung Medien.
  217. ^ Radikal (January 20, 2010). "Metalcilere 'dört büyük' müjde". Milliyet (in Turkish). Archived from the original on March 3, 2021. Retrieved March 3, 2021. Metallica'nın 1991 albümü 300 bin kopya sattı Türkiye'de, AC/DC'nin öyle bir satış durumu da yok.
  218. ^ "British album certifications – Metallica – Metallica". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved May 26, 2023.
  219. ^ "Metallica's 'Black Album' Returns to Top 10 on Billboard 200 After 30th Anniversary Reissue". Billboard. Archived from the original on November 12, 2021. Retrieved November 12, 2021.
  220. ^ "American album certifications – Metallica – Metallica". Recording Industry Association of America.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Metallica_(album)&oldid=1258964524"