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1581

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
July 27Spanish troops massacre more than 500 Dutch civilians during the Capture of Breda
1581 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1581
MDLXXXI
Ab urbe condita2334
Armenian calendar1030
ԹՎ ՌԼ
Assyrian calendar6331
Balinese saka calendar1502–1503
Bengali calendar988
Berber calendar2531
English Regnal year23 Eliz. 1 – 24 Eliz. 1
Buddhist calendar2125
Burmese calendar943
Byzantine calendar7089–7090
Chinese calendar庚辰年 (Metal Dragon)
4278 or 4071
    — to —
辛巳年 (Metal Snake)
4279 or 4072
Coptic calendar1297–1298
Discordian calendar2747
Ethiopian calendar1573–1574
Hebrew calendar5341–5342
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1637–1638
 - Shaka Samvat1502–1503
 - Kali Yuga4681–4682
Holocene calendar11581
Igbo calendar581–582
Iranian calendar959–960
Islamic calendar988–989
Japanese calendarTenshō 9
(天正9年)
Javanese calendar1500–1501
Julian calendar1581
MDLXXXI
Korean calendar3914
Minguo calendar331 before ROC
民前331年
Nanakshahi calendar113
Thai solar calendar2123–2124
Tibetan calendar阳金龙年
(male Iron-Dragon)
1707 or 1326 or 554
    — to —
阴金蛇年
(female Iron-Snake)
1708 or 1327 or 555

1581 (MDLXXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) in the Julian calendar, and a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) in the Proleptic Gregorian calendar.

Events

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July 26: Netherlands nobles sign the Act of Abjuration to declare independence from Spain


January–March

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April–June

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July–September

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October–December

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Date unknown

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Births

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Countess Palatine Dorothea of Simmern
Archduchess Gregoria Maximiliana of Austria
Princess Hedwig of Denmark
Thomas Overbury

Deaths

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James Douglas
Guru Ram Das
Saint Louis Bertrand
King Bayinnaung
Saints Alexander Briant and Edmund Campion died on December 1, 1581

References

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  1. ^ Visheshwar Sarup Bhagava, Marwar And The Mughal Emperors (1526–1748) (Munshiram Manoharlal, 1966) pp. 52–53
  2. ^ Ralph Tuchtenhagen, Geschichte der baltischen Länder (History of the Baltic Nations) (C. H. Beck, 2005) p. 37
  3. ^ John Lothrop Motley, The Rise of the Dutch Republic, 1580-1582 (Harper and Brothers, 1855)
  4. ^ Hmannan Yazawin Vol. 3 (Myanmar Ministry of Information, 2003) p.57
  5. ^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 160–162. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
  6. ^ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
  7. ^ "Báthory Zsigmond", by Péter Károly Szabó, in Magyar királyok nagykönyve ("Encyclopedia of the Kings of Hungary", (Reader's Digest, 2012) pp. 184–187
  8. ^ Maha Yazawin, Vol. 3 (Ya-Pyei Publishing, 2006) p.73
  9. ^ "Morton, James Douglas, 4th Earl of", Encyclopædia Britannica (Vol. 18) (Cambridge University Press, 1911) pp. 880–881
  10. ^ L. P. Gachard, Études et notices historiques concernant l'histoire des Pays-Bas ("Studies and Historical Comment Concerning the History of the Low Countries") (Hayez, 1890) p.388
  11. ^ "An eventful year for the Order of St John in Malta", by David Dandria, Times of Malta, June 19, 2011
  12. ^ "Catalogue of aërolites and Bolides, from A.D. 2 to A.D. 1860". Meteoritehistory.info. Retrieved 2012-03-26.
  13. ^ G. G. van der Hoeven, Geschiedenis der vesting Breda ("History of the Fortress of Breda" (Broese & Co., 1868) pp. 47-53
  14. ^ "Pontus De la Gardie", Riksarkivet
  15. ^ "Portrait of an American Viceroy: Martín Enríquez, 1568–1583", by Philip Wayne Powell, in The Americas (1957) pp.1–24
  16. ^ Ōta Gyūichi, The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga, translated by J.S.A. Elisonas and J.P. Lamers (Brill, 2011) p.410
  17. ^ Kikuoka Nyogen, Iranki: Records of the Iga Wars, ed. by Momochi Orinosuke, Volume 5, p.8 (Tekisui Shoin, 1879)
  18. ^ a b Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 230–233. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
  19. ^ Edward Yardley; Cambrian Archaeological Association (1927). Menevia Sacra. Bedford Press. p. 99.